
PROSPECTUS
May 1, 2026
NEOS Ethereum High Income ETF (NEHI)
a series of NEOS ETF Trust
Principal U.S. Listing Exchange: Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.
The Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved these securities or passed upon the adequacy of this Prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Table of Contents
The NEOS Ethereum High Income ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to generate high monthly income with the potential for appreciation based on exposure to exchange-traded products (“ETP”) that have direct exposure to Ether.
This table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold, and sell shares of the Fund (“Shares”). You may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the tables and examples below. Please contact your financial intermediary about whether such fees may apply to your transactions.
| Shareholder Fees (fees paid directly from your investment) | None |
| Management Fee | |
| Distribution and/or Service (12b-1) Fees | |
| Other Expenses(1) | |
| Total Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
| (1) |
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. This example does not take into account brokerage commissions that you pay when purchasing or selling Shares.
The example assumes that you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then redeem all of your Shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes that your investment has a 5% annual return and that the Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions, your costs would be:
| Year | Expenses | |||
| 1 | $ |
|||
| 3 | $ |
The Fund
pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it purchases and sells
securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may
result in higher transaction costs and higher taxes when Shares are held in a
taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in Annual Fund Operating
Expenses table or in the Example above, may affect the Fund’s performance. For
the period December 3, 2025 through December 31, 2025, the Fund’s portfolio
turnover rate was
The Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve its investment objective by:
(i) investing in exchange-traded spot Ether ETPs (the “Spot Ether ETPs”) primarily through a controlled foreign corporation and in some cases by directly investing in Spot Ether ETPs,
(ii) obtaining indirect exposure to Ether by employing an options strategy that consists of selling (writing) put options and buying call options generally at the same strike price on one or more Ether-related instruments (defined below), and
(iii) utilizing a call options strategy to provide high monthly income, which primarily consists of selling (writing) call options on one or more Ether-related instruments.
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The Fund does not invest in Ether directly.
Spot Ether ETPs
Spot Ether ETPs are funds that track the price of Ether by directly holding actual Ether (called “spot”) as their underlying asset. Spot Ether ETPs seek to provide the performance of the price of Ether before the payment of fees and expenses. The price of the Spot Ether ETP fluctuates with the price of Ether in crypto asset markets. The Fund will hold shares of the Spot Ether ETPs in a wholly owned and controlled foreign subsidiary of the Fund organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the NEOS Ethereum High Income Portfolio CFC (the “Cayman Subsidiary” or “Subsidiary”). The Fund may also hold shares of the Spot Ether ETPs directly, consistent with the limits of the U.S. federal tax law requirements applicable to registered investment companies.
The Fund expects to gain indirect exposure to the Spot Ether ETPs by investing up to 25% of its total assets (measured at the time of investment and at the end of each fiscal quarter) in the Subsidiary, consistent with the limits of the U.S. federal tax law requirements applicable to registered investment companies. The Subsidiary is advised by the Adviser. Unlike the Fund, the Subsidiary may directly invest without limitation in Spot Ether ETPs; however, the Subsidiary will comply with the same derivatives rule requirements under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (“1940 Act”), when viewed on a consolidated basis with the Fund, with respect to its investments in derivatives and leverage; and also complies with the provisions of Section 15 of the 1940 Act (regarding investment advisory contract approvals).
Options on Ether Related Instruments
There are two parts to the Ether options strategy: (1) utilizing a “synthetic strategy” to gain exposure to Ether, and (2) writing (selling) call options on one or more Ether-related instruments to generate high monthly income for the Fund. An “Ether-related instrument” is defined as: Ether, an ETF that principally invests in Ether futures contracts (“Ether Futures ETFs”), Spot Ether ETPs, or an index that uses Ether, Ether Futures ETFs, and/or Spot Ether ETPs as the reference asset (each, an “Ether Index”).
When the Fund sells (writes) a call option, it creates a contract between the option writer (the Fund) and the option buyer (counterparty). The writer of the call option receives an amount (premium) for writing the option. The contract provides the counterparty with the right to buy the reference asset for a pre-specified price (strike price) by a pre-specified date (expiration date). However, no obligation is created for the counterparty, who is not forced to buy the reference asset (exercising the option) by the expiration date. If the price of the reference asset is greater than the strike price at the expiration date, the counterparty will exercise their option. This obligates the writer to sell the reference asset to the counterparty (buyer) at the pre-specified price, which will be at a price below the market price, resulting in a loss for the writer and an equivalent profit for the holder. If the price of the reference asset is lower than or equal to the strike price at the expiration date, the counterparty (buyer) will not exercise its option. It will expire as worthless, which results in a profit for the writer and an equivalent loss for the holder.
To implement the Ether options strategy, the Fund invests in traditional exchange-traded options and, FLexible EXchange® options (“FLEX Options”) that utilize an Ether-related instrument as the reference asset. Traditional exchange-traded options have standardized terms, such as the type (call or put), the reference asset, the strike price and expiration date. Exchange-listed options contracts are guaranteed for settlement by the Options Clearing Corporation (“OCC”). FLEX Options are a type of exchange-listed options contract with uniquely customizable terms that allow investors to customize key terms like type, strike price and expiration date that are standardized in a typical options contract. FLEX Options are also guaranteed for settlement by the OCC.
Synthetic Options Strategy
The Fund primarily derives its long exposure to Ether by trading options that use an Ether-related instrument as the reference asset; however, the Fund may hold the Ether-related instrument directly. Because this portion of the Fund’s exposure to Ether is obtained via options instead of owning the reference asset, the Fund’s exposure is considered to be “synthetic.” The synthetic exposure is created through the combination of purchasing call options and selling put options generally at the same strike price with the same expiration. This combination synthetically creates the upside and downside participation in the price returns of Ether. The Fund will primarily gain exposure to increases in value experienced by reference asset through the purchase of call options. As a buyer of these options, the Fund pays a premium to the seller of the options. The Fund will primarily gain exposure to decreases in value experienced by the reference asset through the sale of put options. As the seller of these options, the Fund receives a premium from the buyer of the options. In combination, the purchased call and sold put options generally provide exposure to price returns of the reference asset both on the upside and downside.
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Income Options Strategy
In a traditional covered call strategy, an investor (such as the Fund) writes a call option on a security it owns. However, the Fund will primarily derive its exposure to Ether through the use of options contracts that use an Ether-related instrument as the reference asset. This distinction causes the Fund’s income generating option strategy to be commonly referred to as a “synthetic covered call strategy” as opposed to a traditional covered call strategy, because the Fund primarily has synthetic exposure to Ethereum. The Fund’s writing (selling) of call options on an Ether-related instrument will limit the Fund’s ability to participate in increases in value of Ether beyond a certain point. If the share price of the reference asset increases, the above-referenced synthetic long exposure and Spot Ether ETP would allow the Fund to experience similar percentage gains. However, if the reference asset’s share price appreciates in value beyond the strike price of one or more of the call option contracts that the Fund has written to generate income, the Fund will lose money on those written call positions, and the losses will, in turn, limit the upside return of the synthetic long exposure to Ether and Spot Ether ETPs. As a result, the Fund’s overall strategy (i.e., the combination of the synthetic long exposure to Ether, long exposure to Spot Ether ETPs, and the call options written on an Ether-related instrument) will limit the Fund’s participation in gains of Ether beyond a certain point. This strategy effectively converts a portion of the potential upside of the price return Ether into current income. It is expected that the call options written by the Fund will generally have expirations of approximately one month and will be held to or close to expiration. The options that are not held to expiration will be replaced by similar options that have a later expiration.
The Adviser utilizes a proprietary, rules-based, systematic model to manage the Fund’s options positions. The Adviser may actively manage the written and purchased call options prior to expiration to potentially capture gains and minimize losses due to the movement of the Ether Futures ETFs.
When writing options, the Fund is required to post collateral to assure its performance to the option buyer. The Fund will hold U.S. Government securities, such as bills, notes and bonds issued by the U.S. Treasury, as collateral. To the extent that the Fund directly invests in Spot Ether ETPs (i.e., not through the Subsidiary), the Spot Ether ETPs may also be eligible to be used as collateral. The Fund has the ability to write call options on 25% to 100% of the net asset value of the Fund, although the Fund may be outside of this range from time to time because of market or other conditions.
In addition, the Fund may seek to take advantage of tax loss harvesting opportunities by taking investment losses from the Spot Ether ETPs and/or Ether Futures ETF positions to offset realized taxable gains of the Spot Ether ETPs and/or Ether Futures ETFs.
The Fund is non-diversified, meaning it may invest a greater portion of its assets in fewer issuers than is permissible for a “diversified” fund.
About Ethereum
Ether is a digital asset. The ownership and operation of ether is determined by participants in an online, peer-to-peer network sometimes referred to as the “Ethereum Network.” The Ethereum Network connects computers that run publicly accessible, or “open source,” software that follows the rules and procedures governing the Ethereum Network. This is commonly referred to as the Ethereum Protocol (see the section entitled “The Ethereum Protocol” for more detail on the Ethereum Protocol).
The value of ether is not backed by any government, corporation, or other identified body. Instead, its value is determined in part by the supply and demand in markets created to facilitate the trading of ether. Ownership and transaction records for ether are protected through public-key cryptography. The supply of ether is determined by the Ethereum Protocol. No single entity owns or operates the Ethereum Network. The Ethereum Network is collectively maintained by (1) a decentralized group of participants who run computer software that results in the recording and validation of transactions (commonly referred to as “validators”), (2) developers who propose improvements to the Ethereum Protocol and the software that enforces the Protocol and (3) users who choose which version of the Ethereum software to run. From time to time, the developers suggest changes to the Ethereum software. If a sufficient number of users and validators elect not to adopt the changes, a new digital asset, operating on the earlier version of the Ethereum software, may be created. This is often referred to as a “fork.” The price of the ether futures contracts in which the Fund invests may reflect the impact of these forks.
Principal Risks of Investing in the Fund
There
is no assurance that the Fund will meet its investment objective. The value of
your investment in the Fund, as well as the amount of return you receive on your
investment in the Fund, may fluctuate significantly.
Spot Ether ETP Risk. The value of a Spot Ether ETP security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole. It is possible that Spot Ether ETP issuer-specific attributes may cause an investment held by the Fund in such Spot Ether ETP to be more volatile than the market generally.
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Many of the risks associated with Spot Ether ETP securities are the same as the risks of owning Ether directly. See Ether Risk.
Spot Ether ETPs have been in existence a relatively short period of time with a short trading history. Trading in Spot Ether ETP shares is a recent development. If a Spot Ether ETP’s creation and redemption process is interrupted or experiences difficulties, the arbitrage mechanism utilized by authorized participants to reduce the differences between the Spot Ether ETP’s market price and net asset value may not work as intended and the market price of the Ether ETP shares may fall or otherwise diverge from the Spot Ether ETP’s net asset value, which may result in the Spot Ether ETP’s shares trading at an increased premium or discount. A Spot Ether ETP may suspend the issuance of shares at any time which will impact the price of shares of a Spot Ether ETP, resulting in significant difference (premium/discount) between the Spot Ether ETP’s market price and its net asset value. Additionally, the Fund may be unable to transact in the shares of the Spot Ether ETP at an acceptable price and therefore the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective.
Cybersecurity or other threats to a Spot Ether ETP’s account at its custodian could result in the halting of the Spot Ether ETP’s operations and a loss of the Spot Ether ETP’s assets, which could result in a reduction of the value of the shares of the Spot Ether ETP and the Fund.
Spot Ether ETPs are subject to custodian risk including if the custodian fails to provide services as required or terminates the custodian agreement.
Spot Ether ETPs determine the spot price of Ether and calculate their net asset values in reliance on composite indexes and other pricing sources. These indexes have a limited operating history. Thus, there is a risk that the price reported by the indexes could fail to track the global Ether price, which would adversely affect the value of a Spot Ether ETP’s shares and the Fund. The value of a Spot Ether ETP as represented by an index or other pricing source used by a Spot Ether ETP could be adversely affected by trading activity on digital asset platforms.
Spot Ether ETPs are not registered as an investment company subject to the 1940 Act. Accordingly, investors in Spot Ether ETPs do not have the protections expressly provided by that statute, including: provisions preventing Spot Ether ETP insiders from managing a Spot Ether ETP to their benefit and to the detriment of shareholders; provisions preventing a Spot Ether ETP from issuing securities having inequitable or discriminatory provisions; provisions preventing management by irresponsible persons; provisions preventing the use of unsound or misleading methods of computing Spot Ether ETP earnings and asset value; provisions prohibiting suspension of redemptions (except under limited circumstances); provisions limiting fund leverage; provisions imposing a fiduciary duty on fund managers with respect to receipt of compensation for services; and provisions preventing changes in a Spot Ether ETP’s character without the consent of shareholders. Because the Fund invests in one or more Spot Ether ETPs indirectly through the Subsidiary, the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to loss as a result of these risks.
Spot Ether ETPs are subject to management fees and other expenses, and the Fund’s investments in Spot Ether ETPs will create higher costs for the Fund compared to the costs of the Fund owning Ether directly.
Ether Risk. The value of the Fund’s investment in Spot Ether ETPs and options on Ether-related instruments is subject to fluctuations in the value of Ether. Ether is a relatively new innovation and the market for Ether is subject to rapid price swings, changes and uncertainty. The further development of the Ether Network and the acceptance and use of Ether are subject to a variety of factors that are difficult to evaluate. The value of Ether has been, and may continue to be, substantially dependent on speculation, such that trading and investing in these assets generally may not be based on fundamental analysis. The slowing, stopping or reversing of the development of the Ether Network or the acceptance of Ether may adversely affect the price of Ether. Ether is subject to the risk of fraud, theft, manipulation or security failures, operational or other problems that impact ether trading venues. Additionally, if one or a coordinated group of validators were to gain control of 33% or more of staked Ether, they would have the ability to execute extensive attacks, manipulate transactions and fraudulently obtain ether. If such a validator or group of validators were to gain control of one-third of staked ether, they could halt payments. A significant portion of ether is held by a small number of holders sometimes referred to as “whales”. Transactions by these holders may influence the price of ether and these holders may have the ability to manipulate the price of Ether.
Unlike the exchanges for more traditional assets, such as equity securities and futures contracts, Ether and the digital asset trading venues on which it trades are largely unregulated and highly fragmented and digital asset trading venues may be operating out of compliance with regulations. As a result of the lack of regulation, individuals or groups may engage in fraud or market manipulation (including using social media to promote Ether in a way that artificially increases the price of Ether). Investors may be more exposed to the risk of theft, fraud and market manipulation than when investing in more traditional asset classes. Over the past several years, a number of digital asset trading venues have been closed due to fraud, failure or security breaches. Investors in Ether may have little or no recourse should such theft, fraud or manipulation occur and could suffer significant losses.
Legal or regulatory changes may negatively impact the operation of the Ethereum Network or restrict the use of Ether. The digital asset trading venues upon which Ether trades have been subject to enforcement actions by regulatory authorities, and the Ether Futures ETFs and Spot Ether ETPs may be negatively impacted by such regulatory enforcement actions. Any such actions could significantly reduce the number of venues upon which Ether trades and could negatively impact the Ether futures contracts held by the Ether Futures ETFs that reference the price of Ether or the Ether held by the Spot Ether ETPs.
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In addition, digital asset trading venues, Ether validators, and other participants may have significant exposure to other digital assets. Instability in the price, availability or legal or regulatory status of those instruments may adversely impact the operation of the digital asset trading venues and the Ethereum Network. The realization of any of these risks could result in a decline in the acceptance of Ether and consequently a reduction in the value of Ether, Ether futures contracts, and shares of the Spot Ether ETPs and options on Ether-related instruments held by the Fund. Such occurrences could also impair the Ether-related instruments’ ability to meet their investment objective pursuant to their respective investment strategy.
Lastly, the creation of a “fork” (as described above) or a substantial giveaway of ether (sometimes referred to as an “air drop”) may result in significant and unexpected declines in the value of ether, Ether-related instruments, and the Fund. A fork may be intentional, such as the ‘Merge.’ The ‘Merge’ refers to protocol changes altering the method by which transactions are validated.
The realization of any of these risks could result in a decline in the acceptance of Ether and consequently a reduction in the value of Ether, Spot Ether ETPs, options on Ether-related instruments, and the Fund.
Ether Tax Risk. By investing in Spot Ether ETPs indirectly through the Subsidiary, the Fund will obtain exposure to the crypto asset Ether within the federal tax requirements that apply to the Fund. However, because the Subsidiary is a controlled foreign corporation organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, any income received by the Fund from its investments in the Subsidiary will be passed through to the Fund as ordinary income, which may be taxed at less favorable rates than capital gains.
A direct investment by the Fund in a Spot Ether ETP will generally be treated as a direct investment in Ether for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded a regulated investment company (“RIC”) and its shareholders, Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) requires, among other things, that at least 90% of the Fund’s income be “qualifying income.” Although the income from a direct investment in Spot Ether ETPs is not treated as qualifying income, the income generated from the Fund’s options on the Spot Ether ETPs or indices that use one or more Spot Ether ETPs as the reference asset is considered qualifying income because the option itself is the relevant security for purposes of Section 851(b)(2)) of the Code.
To the extent the IRS disagrees with this view, then the Fund may fail to qualify as a RIC under the Code. If, in any year, the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC and was ineligible to or was not able to cure such failure, the Fund would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and subject to U.S. federal income tax on all its income at the fund level. The resulting taxes could substantially reduce the Fund’s net assets and the amount of income available for distribution. In addition, in order to requalify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make certain distributions. See “Options Risk” and “Derivatives Risk” below for additional risks regarding the Fund’s options strategy.
Ether Futures ETFs Risks. The Ether Futures ETFs do not invest directly in Ether. Instead, the Ether Futures ETFs obtain indirect exposure to Ether by investing in Ether futures. The market for derivatives linked to Ether may be less developed, and potentially less liquid and more volatile, than more established markets. While these markets have grown substantially since Ether derivatives commenced trading, there can be no assurance that this growth will continue. The price for Ether futures and options is based on a number of factors, including the supply of and the demand for these derivatives. Market conditions and expectations, position limits, accountability levels, collateral requirements, availability of counterparties, and other factors each can impact the supply of and demand for these derivatives. Additionally, due to the high margin requirements that are unique to Ether futures contracts, the Ether Futures ETFs may experience difficulty maintaining the desired level of exposure to Ether solely through futures contracts. If an Ether Futures ETF is unable to achieve such exposure it may not be able to meet its investment objective and the Ether Futures ETF’s returns may be different or lower than expected. Additionally, collateral requirements may require the Ether Futures ETFs to liquidate their positions, potentially incurring losses and expenses, when it otherwise would not do so. Investing in derivatives like Ether futures may be considered aggressive and may expose the Ether Futures ETFs to significant risks. These risks include counterparty risk and liquidity risk.
Options Risk. Buying and selling (writing) options are speculative activities and entail greater than ordinary investment risks. Options enable the Fund to purchase exposure that is significantly greater than the premium paid. Consequently, the value of such options can be volatile, and a small investment in options can have a large impact on the performance of the Fund. The Fund risks losing all or part of the cash paid (premiums) for purchasing options. Even a small decline in the value of a reference asset underlying call options or a small increase in the value of a reference asset underlying put options can result in the entire investment in such options being lost. The Fund’s options also may fail to track the performance of their underlying reference asset, which may limit the effectiveness of the Fund’s strategy. The potential loss from written options can exceed the Fund’s initial investment in such options and could be unlimited.
Absence of Prior Active Market Risk. While the Fund’s Shares are listed on Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (the “Exchange”), there can be no assurance that an active trading market for Shares will develop or be maintained. The Fund’s distributor does not maintain a secondary market in Shares.
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Active Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed, which means that investment decisions are made based on investment views. There is no guarantee that the investment views will produce the desired results or expected returns, which may cause the Fund to fail to meet its investment objective or to underperform its benchmark index or funds with similar investment objectives and strategies. Furthermore, active trading that can accompany active management may result in high portfolio turnover, which may have a negative impact on performance. Active trading may result in higher brokerage costs or mark-up charges, which are ultimately passed on to shareholders of the Fund. Active trading may also result in adverse tax consequences.
Concentration Risk. Because the Fund invests more than 25% of its assets in Spot Ether ETPs and options on Ether-related instruments, the Fund’s net asset value may fluctuate more than that of a fund that does not concentrate in Spot Ether ETPs and options on Ether-related instruments.
Counterparty Risk. Counterparty risk is the risk that a counterparty to a financial instrument held by the Fund may become insolvent or otherwise fail to perform its obligations, and the Fund may obtain no or limited recovery of its investment, and any recovery may be significantly delayed.
Custody Risk. Security breaches, computer malware and computer hacking attacks have been a prevalent concern in relation to digital assets. The Ether held by the Spot Ether ETPs’ custodian will likely be an appealing target to hackers or malware distributors seeking to destroy, damage or steal the Spot Ether ETPs’ ether. To the extent that the Spot Ether ETPs and their service providers are unable to identify and mitigate or stop new security threats or otherwise adapt to technological changes in the digital asset industry, a Spot Ether ETP’s ether may be subject to theft, loss, destruction or other attack. The Spot Ether ETPs have put security procedures in place to prevent such theft, loss or destruction, including but not limited to, offline storage, or cold storage, multiple encrypted private key “shards”, and other measures. Nevertheless, the security procedures cannot guarantee the prevention of any loss due to a security breach, software defect or act of God that may be borne by the Spot Ether ETPs and the security procedures may not protect against all errors, software flaws or other vulnerabilities in an Spot Ether ETP’s technical infrastructure, which could result in theft, loss or damage of its assets. The Spot Ether ETPs do not control the operations of their service providers or their implementation of such security procedures and there can be no assurance that such security procedures will actually work as designed or prove to be successful in safeguarding a Spot Ether ETP’s assets against all possible sources of theft, loss or damage. Assets not held in cold storage, such as assets held in a trading account, may be more vulnerable to security breach, hacking or loss than assets held in cold storage. Furthermore, assets held in a trading account are held on an omnibus, rather than segregated basis, which creates greater risk of loss. The security procedures and operational infrastructure may be breached due to the actions of outside parties, error or malfeasance of an employee of an Spot Ether ETP’s service providers, and, as a result, an unauthorized party may obtain access to the Spot Ether ETP’s account at the custodian where its ether is held, the relevant private keys (and therefore ether) or other data or property of a Spot Ether ETP. Additionally, outside parties may attempt to fraudulently induce employees of a Spot Ether ETP or its service providers to disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to a Spot Ether ETP’s infrastructure. As the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems change frequently, or may be designed to remain dormant until a predetermined event and often are not recognized until launched against a target, a Spot Ether ETP and its service providers may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventative measures.
Derivatives Risk. Options are a derivative investment. The use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. These risks include (i) the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may not fulfil its contractual obligations; (ii) risk of mispricing or improper valuation; and (iii) the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index. Derivative prices are highly volatile and may fluctuate substantially during a short period of time. Such prices are influenced by numerous factors that affect the markets, including, but not limited to: changing supply and demand relationships; government programs and policies; national and international political and economic events, changes in interest rates, inflation and deflation and changes in supply and demand relationships.
Exchange Traded Funds (“ETFs”) Risk. The Fund is structured as an ETF. As a result, the Fund is subject to special risks, including:
| ● | Not Individually Redeemable. The Fund’s shares (“Shares”) are not redeemable by retail investors and may be redeemed only by Authorized Participants at net asset value (“NAV”) and only in Creation Units. A retail investor generally incurs brokerage costs when selling shares. |
| ● | Trading Issues. Trading in Shares on CBOE BZX Exchange, Inc. (the “Exchange”) may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in Shares inadvisable, such as extraordinary market volatility. There can be no assurance that Shares will continue to meet the listing requirements of the Exchange which may result in the Shares being delisted. An active trading market for the Shares may not be developed or maintained. If the Shares are traded outside a collateralized settlement system, the number of financial institutions that can act as Authorized Participants that can post collateral on an agency basis is limited, which may limit the market for the Shares. |
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| ● | Market Price Variance Risk. The market prices of Shares will fluctuate in response to changes in NAV and supply and demand for Shares and will include a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialists, market makers or other participants that trade the Shares. There may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. This means that Shares may trade at a discount to NAV. |
| ○ | In times of market stress, market makers may step away from their role market making in the Shares and in executing trades, which can lead to differences between the market value of the Shares and the Fund’s NAV. |
| ○ | The market price of the Shares may deviate from the Fund’s NAV, particularly during times of market stress, with the result that investors may pay significantly more or significantly less for the Shares than the Fund’s NAV, which is reflected in the bid and ask price for the Shares or in the closing price. |
| ○ | In stressed market conditions, the market for the Shares may become less liquid in response to the deteriorating liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio. This adverse effect on the liquidity of the Shares may, in turn, lead to differences between the market value of the Shares and the Fund’s NAV. |
| ● | Authorized Participant Risk. Only an Authorized Participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as an Authorized Participant on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). To the extent that Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to create or redeem Creation Units, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to net asset value and possibly face trading halts or delisting. Authorized Participant concentration risk may be heightened for securities or instruments that have lower trading volumes. |
Additionally, purchases and redemptions of creation units primarily with cash rather than through in-kind delivery of portfolio securities may cause the Fund to incur certain costs, including brokerage costs or taxable gains or losses that it might not have incurred if it made a redemption in-kind, and therefore decrease the Fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by a transaction fee payable by an AP.
FLEX Options Risk. Trading FLEX Options involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities. The Fund may experience losses from specific FLEX Option positions and certain FLEX Option positions may expire worthless. The FLEX Options are listed and trade on an exchange; however, no one can guarantee that a liquid secondary trading market will exist for the FLEX Options. In the event that trading in the FLEX Options is limited or absent, the value of the Fund’s FLEX Options may decrease. In a less liquid market for the FLEX Options, liquidating the FLEX Options may require the payment of a premium (for written FLEX Options) or acceptance of a discounted price (for purchased FLEX Options) and may take longer to complete. A less liquid trading market may adversely impact the value of the FLEX Options and Fund shares and result in the Fund being unable to achieve its investment objective. Less liquidity in the trading of the Fund’s FLEX Options could have an impact on the prices paid or received by the Fund for the FLEX Options in connection with creations and redemptions of the Fund’s shares. Depending on the nature of this impact to pricing, the Fund may be forced to pay more for redemptions (or receive less for creations) than the price at which it currently values the FLEX Options. Such overpayment or under collection could reduce the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. Additionally, in a less liquid market for the FLEX Options, the liquidation of a large number of options may more significantly impact the price. A less liquid trading market may adversely impact the value of the FLEX Options and the value of your investment. The trading in FLEX Options may be less deep and liquid than the market for certain other exchange-traded options, non-customized options or other securities.
Market and Geopolitical Risk. The increasing interconnectivity between global economies and financial markets increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. Securities in the Fund’s portfolio may underperform due to inflation (or expectations for inflation), interest rates, global demand for particular products or resources, natural disasters, climate change and climate-related events, pandemics, epidemics, terrorism, international conflicts, regulatory events and governmental or quasi-governmental actions. The occurrence of global events similar to those in recent years may result in market volatility and may have long term effects on financial markets worldwide.
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New Fund Risk. If the Fund does not grow large in size once it commences trading, it will be at greater risk than larger funds of wider bid-ask spreads for its shares, trading at a greater premium or discount to NAV, liquidation and/or a stop to trading. Any resulting liquidation of the Fund could cause the Fund to incur elevated transaction costs for the Fund and negative tax consequences for its shareholders.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund’s portfolio may focus on a limited number of investments and will be subject to potential for volatility than a diversified fund.
Portfolio Turnover Risk. Due to its investment strategy, the Fund may buy and sell securities, and option contracts, frequently. This may result in higher transaction costs and additional capital gains tax liabilities, which may affect the Fund’s performance.
Rolling Options Contract Risk. The Fund’s investments in options are subject to risks related to rolling. Rolling occurs when the Fund closes out of an options contract as it nears its expiration and replaces it with a contract that has a later expiration. The Fund does not intend to hold options through expiration, but instead intends to “roll” its positions. When the market for these options is such that the prices are higher in the more distant delivery months than in the nearer delivery months, the sale during the course of the “rolling process” of the more nearby contract would take place at a price that is lower than the price of the more distant contract. This pattern of higher option prices for longer expiration contracts is often referred to as “contango.” Alternatively, when the market for options contracts is such that the prices are higher in the nearer months than in the more distant months, the sale during the course of the “rolling process” of the more nearby contract would take place at a price that is higher than the price of the more distant contract. This pattern of higher options prices for shorter expiration options contracts is referred to as “backwardation.” Extended periods of contango or backwardation have occurred in the past and can in the future cause significant losses for the Fund.
Tax Risk. The Fund invests in derivatives. The federal income tax treatment of a derivative may not be as favorable as a direct investment in an underlying asset. Derivatives may produce taxable income and taxable realized gain. Derivatives may adversely affect the timing, character and amount of income the Fund realizes from its investments. As a result, a larger portion of the Fund’s distributions may be treated as ordinary income rather than as capital gains. In addition, certain derivatives are subject to mark-to-market or straddle provisions of the Internal Revenue Code. If such provisions are applicable, there could be an increase (or decrease) in the amount of taxable dividends paid by the Fund. The use of derivatives, such as call options, may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gains or otherwise affect the Fund’s ability to pay out dividends subject to preferential rates or the dividend deduction, thereby increasing the amount of taxes payable by some shareholders. The writing of call options by the Fund may significantly reduce or eliminate the ability to make distributions eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income or as eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders. From time to time, a portion of a distribution by the Fund may consist of a return of capital (i.e., from your original investment) and not a return of net profit.
To qualify as a regulated investment company (“RIC”), the Fund must meet certain requirements concerning the source of its income. The Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary is intended to provide exposure to Ether in a manner that is consistent with the “qualifying income” requirement applicable to RICs. The Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) has ceased issuing private letter rulings regarding whether the use of subsidiaries by investment companies to invest in certain instruments constitutes qualifying income. If the IRS determines that this source of income is not “qualifying income,” the Fund may cease to qualify as a RIC because the Fund has not received a private letter ruling and is not able to rely on private letter rulings issued to other taxpayers. Failure to qualify as a RIC could subject the Fund to adverse tax consequences, including a federal income tax on its net income at regular corporate rates, as well as a tax to shareholders on such income when distributed as an ordinary dividend.
Based on the principles underlying private letter rulings previously issued to other taxpayers, the Fund intends to treat its income from the Subsidiary as qualifying income without any such ruling from the IRS. The tax treatment of the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary may be adversely affected by future legislation, court decisions, Treasury Regulations and/or guidance issued by the IRS that could affect whether income derived from such investments is “qualifying income” under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code, or otherwise affect the character, timing and/or amount of the Fund’s taxable income or any gains or distributions made by the Fund.
U.S. Government Securities Risk. U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. government and generally have negligible credit risk. Securities issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities and U.S. government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
Valuation Risk. The price the Fund could receive upon the sale of a security or other asset may differ from the Fund’s valuation of the security or other asset, particularly for securities or other assets that trade in low volume or volatile markets or that are valued using a fair value methodology. In addition, the value of the securities or other assets in the Fund’s portfolio may change on days or during time periods when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund’s shares. Authorized Participants who purchase or redeem Fund shares on days when the Fund is holding fair-valued securities may receive fewer or more shares, or lower or higher redemption proceeds, than they would have received had the Fund not fair-valued securities or used a different valuation methodology. The Fund’s ability to value investments may be impacted by technological issues or errors by pricing services or other third- party service providers.
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Wholly-Owned Subsidiary Risk. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Fund and the Subsidiary, respectively, are organized, could result in the inability of the Fund and/or Subsidiary to operate as described in this Prospectus and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. The Subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act and, unless otherwise noted in this Prospectus, is not subject to all of the investor protections of the 1940 Act, such as limits on leverage when viewed in isolation from the Fund. Because the Fund wholly owns and controls the Subsidiary, and is overseen by the Adviser, it is unlikely that the Subsidiary will take action contrary to the interests of the Fund or its shareholders.
Taxation Risk. By investing in certain Spot Ether ETPs indirectly through the Subsidiary, the Fund will obtain exposure to these investments within the federal tax requirements that apply to the Fund. The Subsidiary is classified as a controlled foreign corporation for U.S. tax purposes. Because the Subsidiary is a controlled foreign corporation any income received from its investments will be passed through to the Fund as ordinary income.
Management
Investment Adviser
NEOS Investment Management, LLC
Portfolio Managers
Garrett Paolella, Managing Partner and Portfolio Manager of the Adviser
Troy Cates, Managing Partner and Portfolio Manager of the Adviser
Purchase and Sale of Fund Shares
Authorized Participants
The Fund issues and redeems Shares at NAV only in a large, specified number of Shares each called a “Creation Unit,” or multiples thereof, and only with authorized participants (“Authorized Participants”) which have entered into contractual arrangements with the Fund’s distributor (“Distributor”). Creation Unit transactions are typically conducted in exchange for a portfolio of securities closely approximating the holdings of the Fund and/or cash.
Investors
Individual Shares of the Fund may only be purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through brokers. Shares of the Fund are listed on the Exchange and because Shares will trade at market prices rather than NAV, Shares of the Fund may trade at a price greater than or less than NAV.
Tax Information
Fund distributions are generally taxable as ordinary income, qualified dividend income, or capital gains (or a combination), unless your investment is in an individual retirement account (“IRA”) or other tax-advantaged account. Distributions on investments made through tax-deferred arrangements may be taxed later upon withdrawal of assets from those accounts.
Payments to Broker-Dealer and Other Financial Intermediaries
If you purchase Shares through a broker-dealer or other financial intermediary, the Adviser or other related companies may pay the intermediary for the sale of Shares or related services. These payments may create a conflict of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other intermediary and your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more information.
More Information About the Fund
Investment Objective
The NEOS Ethereum High Income ETF (the “Fund”) seeks to generate high monthly income with the potential for appreciation based on exposure to exchange-traded products (“ETP”) that have direct exposure to Ether.
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Additional Information About Investment Strategies
The Fund is an actively managed ETF that seeks to achieve its investment objective by
(i) investing in exchange-traded spot Ether ETPs (the “Spot Ether ETPs”) primarily through a controlled foreign corporation and in some cases by directly investing in Spot Ether ETPs,
(ii) obtaining indirect exposure to Ether by employing an options strategy that consists of selling (writing) put options and buying call options generally at the same strike price on one or more Ether-related instruments (defined below), and
(iii) utilizing a call options strategy to provide high monthly income, which primarily consists of selling (writing) call options on one or more Ether-related instruments.
The Fund does not invest in Ether directly.
Spot Ether ETPs
Spot Ether ETPs are funds that track the price of Ether by directly holding actual Ether (called “spot”) as their underlying asset. Ether Spot ETPs seek to provide the performance of the price of Ether before the payment of fees and expenses. The price of the Spot Ether ETP fluctuates with the price of Ether in crypto asset markets. The Fund will hold shares of the Spot Ether ETPs in a wholly owned and controlled foreign subsidiary of the Fund organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands (the NEOS Ether High Income Portfolio CFC (the “Subsidiary”)). The Fund may also hold shares of the Spot Ether ETPs directly, consistent with the limits of U.S. federal tax law requirements applicable to registered investment companies.
Cayman Subsidiary
The Fund expects to gain indirect exposure to the Spot Ether ETPs indirectly by investing up to 25% of its total assets (measured at the time of investment and at the end of each quarter) in a wholly owned and controlled foreign subsidiary of the Fund organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, NEOS Ethereum High Income Portfolio CFC (the “Subsidiary”), consistent with the limits of the U.S. federal tax law requirements applicable to registered investment companies. The Subsidiary is advised by the Adviser. Unlike the Fund, the Subsidiary may directly invest without limitation in Spot Ether ETPs, however, the Subsidiary will comply with the same 1940 Act derivatives rule requirements, when viewed on a consolidated basis with the Fund, with respect to its investments in derivatives and leverage. The Subsidiary is expected to provide the Fund with exposure to crypto assets within the limitations of the federal tax requirements of Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code. Subchapter M requires, among other things, that at least 90% of the Fund’s income be derived from securities or derived with respect to its business of investing in securities (typically referred to as “qualifying income”). Income from Spot Ether ETPs in which the Fund invests will not be treated as “qualifying income” for purposes of the 90% income requirement. To satisfy the 90% income requirement, the Subsidiary will, not less than annually, declare and may distribute a dividend to the Fund, as the sole shareholder of the Subsidiary, in an amount approximately equal to the total amount of “Subpart F” income (as defined in Section 951 of the Internal Revue Code) generated by or expected to be generated by the Subsidiary’s investments during the fiscal year. Such dividend distributions are “qualifying income” pursuant to Subchapter M (Section 851(b)) of the Internal Revenue Code.
Because the Fund may invest a substantial portion of its assets in the Subsidiary, which may hold some of the investments described in this Prospectus, the Fund may be considered to be investing indirectly in some of those investments through its Subsidiary. For that reason, references to the Fund may also include the Subsidiary. The Subsidiary is subject to the same investment restrictions and limitations on a consolidated basis and follows the same compliance policies and procedures, as the Fund. The Fund’s investments will be composed primarily of securities, even when viewing the Subsidiary on a consolidated basis. The Fund complies with the provisions of the 1940 Act in Sections 8 and 18 (governing investment policies, capital structure and leverage) on an aggregate basis with the Subsidiary; and also complies with the provisions of the 1940 Act in Section 15 (regarding investment advisory contract approvals). In addition, the Subsidiary complies with the provisions of the 1940 Act in Section 17 (relating to affiliated transactions and custody). The Fund’s custodian also serves as the custodian to the Subsidiary.
Options on Ether Related Instruments
There are two parts to the Ether options strategy: (1) utilizing a “synthetic strategy” to gain exposure to Ether, and (2) writing (selling) call options on one or more Ether-related instruments to generate high monthly income for the Fund. An “Ether-related instrument” is defined as: an ETF that principally invests in Ether futures contracts (“Ether Futures ETFs”), Spot Ether ETPs, or an index that uses Ether, Ether Futures ETFs, and/or Spot Ether ETPs as the reference asset (each, a “Ether Index”).
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When the Fund sells (writes) a call option, it creates a contract between the option writer (the Fund) and the option buyer (counterparty). The writer of the call option receives an amount (premium) for writing the option. The contract provides the counterparty with the right to buy the reference asset for a pre-specified price (strike price) by a pre-specified date (expiration date). However, no obligation is created for the counterparty, who is not forced to buy the reference asset (exercising the option) by the expiration date. If the price of the reference asset is greater than the strike price at the expiration date, the counterparty will exercise their option. This obligates the writer to sell the reference asset to the counterparty (buyer) at the pre-specified price, which will be at a price below the market price, resulting in a loss for the writer and an equivalent profit for the holder. If the price of the reference asset is lower than or equal to the strike price at the expiration date, the counterparty (buyer) will not exercise its option. It will expire as worthless, which results in a profit for the writer and an equivalent loss for the holder.
To implement the Ether options strategy, the Fund invests in traditional exchange-traded options and FLexible EXchange® options (“FLEX Options”) that utilize an Ether-related instrument as the reference asset. Traditional exchange-traded options have standardized terms, such as the type (call or put), the reference asset, the strike price and expiration date. Exchange-listed options contracts are guaranteed for settlement by the Options Clearing Corporation (“OCC”). FLEX Options are a type of exchange-listed options contract with uniquely customizable terms that allow investors to customize key terms like type, strike price and expiration date that are standardized in a typical options contract. FLEX Options are also guaranteed for settlement by the OCC.
Synthetic Options Strategy
The Fund primarily derives its long exposure to Ether by trading options that use Ether-related instrument as the reference asset; however, the Fund may hold the Ether-related instrument directly. Because this portion of the Fund’s exposure to Ether is obtained via options instead of owning the reference asset, the Fund’s exposure is considered to be “synthetic.” The synthetic exposure is created through the combination of purchasing call options and selling put options generally at the same strike price with the same expiration. This combination synthetically creates the upside and downside participation in the price returns of Ether. The Fund will primarily gain exposure to increases in value experienced by reference asset through the purchase of call options. As a buyer of these options, the Fund pays a premium to the seller of the options. The Fund will primarily gain exposure to decreases in value experienced by the reference asset through the sale of put options. As the seller of these options, the Fund receives a premium from the buyer of the options. In combination, the purchased call and sold put options generally provide exposure to price returns of the reference asset both on the upside and downside.
Income Options Strategy
In a traditional covered call strategy, an investor (such as the Fund) writes a call option on a security it owns. However, the Fund will primarily derive its exposure to Ether through the use of options contracts that use an Ether-related instrument as the reference asset. This distinction causes the Fund’s income generating option strategy to be commonly referred to as a “synthetic covered call strategy” as opposed to a traditional covered call strategy, because the Fund primarily has synthetic exposure to Ether. The Fund’s writing (selling) of call options on an Ether-related instrument will limit the Fund’s ability to participate in increases in value of Ether beyond a certain point. If the share price of the reference asset increases, the above-referenced synthetic long exposure and Spot Ether ETP would allow the Fund to experience similar percentage gains. However, if the reference asset’s share price appreciates in value beyond the strike price of one or more of the call option contracts that the Fund has written to generate income, the Fund will lose money on those written call positions, and the losses will, in turn, limit the upside return of the synthetic long exposure to Ether and Spot Ether ETPs. As a result, the Fund’s overall strategy (i.e., the combination of the synthetic long exposure to Ether, long exposure to Spot Ether ETPs, and the call options written on an Ether-related instrument) will limit the Fund’s participation in gains of Ether beyond a certain point. This strategy effectively converts a portion of the potential upside of the price return Ether into current income. It is expected that the call options written by the Fund will generally have expirations of approximately one month and will be held to or close to expiration. The options that are not held to expiration will be replaced by similar options that have a later expiration.
The Fund’s options income strategy may also consist of a bear call spread strategy when the Adviser believes Ether’s price will decrease, remain unchanged, or only increase slightly. In a bear call option spread, the Fund writes an out of the money call option on an Ether-related instrument while also purchasing a call option on the Ether-related instrument that is further out of the money. A call option is “out-of-the money” if the underlying price of the Ether-related instrument is less than the strike price of the option.
The Ether bear call options spread strategy seeks to generate a net-credit. A bear call spread is a two-part options strategy. It involves selling a call option, and collecting an upfront option premium, while simultaneously purchasing or owning a second call option with the same expiration date but a higher strike price. In times when a long call is owned the Fund seeks to generate a net-credit, meaning that the premium received from the sale of the call options will be greater than the cost of buying the long, out-of-the-money the Ether-related instrument call options.
The Fund will only hold shares of an Ether Futures ETF in limited circumstances. The Fund will need to buy shares of the reference Ether Futures ETF if written Ether Futures ETF call options are exercised by the holder and called away. Shares of the Ether Futures ETF would be purchased to deliver the exercised portion of the call options.
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When writing options, the Fund is required to post collateral to assure its performance to the option buyer. The Fund will hold U.S. Government securities, such as bills, notes and bonds issued by the U.S. Treasury, as collateral. To the extent that the Fund directly invests in Spot Ether ETPs (i.e., not through the Subsidiary), the Spot Ether ETPs may also be eligible to be used as collateral. The Fund has the ability to write call options on 25% to 100% of the net asset value of the Fund, although the Fund may be outside of this range from time to time because of market or other conditions.
Additional Information on Ether
Ether is a digital asset that serves as the unit of account on an open-source, decentralized, peer-to-peer computer network. Ether may be used to pay for goods and services, stored for future use, or converted to a government-issued currency; however, the adoption of Ether for these purposes has been limited as of the date of this Prospectus. The value of Ether is not backed by any government, corporation, or other identified body.
The value of Ether is determined in part by the supply of, and demand for, Ether in the markets for exchange that have been organized to facilitate the trading of Ether. Ether is the second largest digital asset by market capitalization behind bitcoin. Ether is maintained on the decentralized, open source, peer-to-peer computer network (“Ethereum Network”). No single entity owns or operates the Ethereum Network. The Ethereum Network is accessed through software and governs the creation and movement of Ether. The source code for the Ethereum Network is open-source, and anyone can contribute to its development.
Ethereum Network
The infrastructure of the Ethereum Network is collectively maintained by participants in the Ethereum Network, which include validators, developers, and users. Validators validate transactions and are currently compensated for that service in Ether, as determined by the Ethereum Protocol. Developers maintain and contribute updates to the Ethereum Network’s source code. Users access the Ethereum Network using open-source software. Anyone can be a user, developer, or validator.
Ether is maintained on a digital transaction ledger commonly known as a “blockchain.” A blockchain is a type of shared and continually reconciled database, stored in a decentralized manner on the computers of certain users of the digital asset and is protected by cryptography. The Ethereum blockchain contains a record and history for each Ether transaction.
The Ethereum blockchain allows for the creation of decentralized applications that are supported by a transaction protocol referred to as “smart contracts,” which includes the cryptographic operations that verify and secure Ether transactions. A smart contract operates by a pre-defined set of rules (i.e., “if/then statements”) that allows it to automatically execute code on the Ethereum Network. Such actions taken by the pre-defined set of rules are not necessarily contractual in nature but are intended to eliminate the need for a third party to carry out code execution on behalf of users, making the system decentralized, allowing decentralized application developers to create a wide range of applications. Requiring payment in Ether on the Ethereum Network incentivizes developers to write quality applications and increases the efficiency of the Ethereum Network because wasteful code costs more. It also ensures that the Ethereum Network remains economically viable by compensating people for their contributed computational resources.
Ethereum Protocol
The Ethereum Protocol is an open source project with no official company or group in control. Anyone can review the underlying code and suggest changes. Because there is no central authority, the release of updates to the Ethereum Protocol source code by developers does not guarantee that the updates will be automatically adopted by the other participants. Users and validators must accept any changes made to the source code by downloading the proposed modification and that modification is effective only with respect to those Ethereum users and validators who choose to download it. As a practical matter, a modification to the source code becomes part of the Ethereum Network only if it is accepted by validators that collectively represent a supermajority (two-thirds) of the cumulative validations on the Ethereum blockchain.
If a modification is accepted by only a portion of users and validators, a division will occur such that one network will run the pre-modification source code and the other network will run the modified source code. Such a division is known as a “fork.” New Ether is created through “staking” of Ether by validators. Validators are required to stake Ether in order to perform validation activities and then, as a reward, earn newly created ether. Validation activities include verifying transactions, storing data, and adding to the Ethereum blockchain. Further, with its collective computing power on the distributed network, the Ethereum Network provides the ability to execute peer-to-peer transactions to realize, via smart contracts, automatic, conditional transfer of value and information, including money, voting rights, and property.
An Ethereum private key controls the transfer or “spending” of Ether from its associated public Ethereum address. An Ethereum “wallet” is a collection of public Ethereum addresses and their associated private key(s). It is designed such that only the owner of Ether can send ether, only the intended recipient of Ether can unlock what the sender sent and both transactions and ownership can be verified by any third party anywhere in the world.
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Fees need to be paid in Ether in order to facilitate transactions and execute smart contracts. The fee that is charged is called “gas.” Gas price is often a small fraction of ether, which is denoted in the unit of Gwei (10^9 Gwei = 1 ether). Gas is essential in sustaining the Ethereum Network. It incentivizes validators to process and verify transactions and incentivizes new validators to stake ether. Gas fees are a product of Ethereum Network demand relative to the Ethereum Network’s capacity.
The Ethereum Foundation (the “Foundation”) is a non-profit organization that is dedicated to supporting Ethereum and related technologies. The Foundation, along with other organizations, supports Ethereum Protocol development through funding and advocacy. The Foundation finances its activities using its initial allocation of Ether at the launch of the Ethereum Network in 2015. Although the Foundation does not control Ether, and there are many other organizations within the Ethereum ecosystem, the Foundation is the most significant driving force for Ethereum Protocol development and support of Ethereum generally.
Additional Information on Spot Ether ETPs
Spot Ether ETPs are funds whose shares are registered under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, that purchase and own Ether, and issue shares representing a fractional undivided beneficial interest in the net assets of the ETP. Spot Ether ETPs are intended to constitute a means of making an investment in Ether that is simpler than investing in Ether by acquiring, holding and trading Ether directly on a peer-to-peer or other basis or via a digital asset platform. The Spot Ether ETPs were designed to remove the obstacles represented by the complexities and operational burdens involved in a direct investment in Ether, while at the same time having an intrinsic value that reflects, at any given time, the investment exposure to the Ether owned by the Spot Ether ETP at such time, less its expenses and liabilities.
Some Spot Ether ETPs seek to track the performance of Ether, as measured by the performance of an underlying reference rate (the “Reference Rate”), adjusted for the ETP’s expenses and other liabilities. Although the Reference Rate may differ depending on the particular ETP, it is generally constructed using Ether price feeds from eligible Ether spot markets and a particular pricing methodology (e.g., volume-weighted median price methodology), and calculated at specified time increments. The Reference Rate is designed to reflect the performance of Ether in U.S. dollars. A Spot Ether ETP holds Ether and values its shares daily based on the same methodology used to calculate the Reference Rate.
The Spot Ether ETPs are not registered investment companies under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “1940 Act”) and are not required to register under the 1940 Act. While an investment in a Spot Ether ETP is not the exact equivalent of a direct investment in Ether, it provides investors with an alternative method of achieving investment exposure to Ether through the securities market, which may be more familiar to investors. Spot Ether ETPs are passive investment vehicles that do not seek to generate returns beyond tracking the price of Ether, meaning that a Spot Ether ETP does not speculatively sell Ether at times when its price is high or speculatively acquire Ether at low prices in the expectation of future price increases. Additionally, the Spot Ether ETPs will not utilize leverage, derivatives or any similar arrangements in seeking to meet their investment objective.
A Spot Ether ETP’s Ether is held by a custodian except that certain Spot Ether ETPs may maintain some Ether in a trading account with a prime execution agent. The custodian maintains all of the private keys associated with a Spot Ether ETP’s Ether and uses safeguarding methods, such as storing the keys offline using computers or devices that are not connected to the Internet, which is intended to make them more resistant to hacking. If a Spot Ether ETP has Ether and cash held by a prime execution agent, that Ether and cash is to be used in connection with creations and redemptions, the sale of Ether to pay fees and expenses not assumed by the ETP’s sponsor, extraordinary circumstances, and/or in connection with the liquidation of the ETP’s Ether.
The Fund is “non-diversified,” meaning it may invest a greater portion of its assets in fewer issuers than is permissible for a “diversified” fund.
The Fund’s Board of Trustees may change the Fund’s investment objective without shareholder approval upon 60 days’ prior written notice to shareholders.
The Fund may engage in active and frequent trading of portfolio securities in implementing its principal investment strategies, resulting in high portfolio turnover. The Fund is considered to be non-diversified.
Under normal circumstances, the Fund will invest at least 80% of its net assets in Spot Ether ETPs and/or options on Ether-related instruments. For purposes of the Fund’s 80% policy, the value of such derivative instruments shall be valued at their notional value.
Additional Information About the Fund’s Principal Risks
The following section provides additional information regarding certain of the principal risks identified under “Principal Risks” in the Fund’s summary.
Investors in the Fund should be willing to accept a high degree of volatility in the price of the Fund’s Shares and the possibility of significant losses. An investment in the Fund involves a substantial degree of risk. Therefore, you should consider carefully the following risks before investing in the Fund.
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Absence of Prior Active Market Risk. While the Fund’s shares (the “Shares”) are listed on the Exchange, there can be no assurance that an active trading market for Shares will develop or be maintained. The Fund’s distributor does not maintain a secondary market in Shares.
Active Management Risk. The Fund is actively managed, which means that investment decisions are made based on investment views. There is no guarantee that the investment views will produce the desired results or expected returns, which may cause the Fund to fail to meet its investment objective or to underperform funds with similar investment objectives and strategies. Furthermore, active trading that can accompany active management may result in high portfolio turnover, which may have a negative impact on performance. Active trading may result in higher brokerage costs or mark-up charges, which are ultimately passed on to shareholders of the Fund. Active trading may also result in adverse tax consequences. Certain securities or other instruments in which the Fund seeks to invest may not be available in the quantities desired. To the extent the Fund employs strategies targeting perceived pricing inefficiencies, arbitrage strategies or similar strategies, it is subject to the risk that the pricing or valuation of the securities and instruments involved in such strategies may change unexpectedly, which may result in reduced returns or losses to the Fund. Additionally, legislative, regulatory, or tax restrictions, policies or developments may affect the investment techniques available to the Adviser and each individual portfolio manager in connection with managing the Fund and may also adversely affect the ability of the Fund to achieve its investment objective.
Ether Risk. The value of the Fund’s investment in Spot Ether ETPs and options on Ether-related instruments is subject to fluctuations in the value of Ether. Ether is a relatively new innovation and the market for Ether is subject to rapid price swings, changes and uncertainty. The further development of the Ethereum Network and the acceptance and use of Ether are subject to a variety of factors that are difficult to evaluate. The value of Ether has been, and may continue to be, substantially dependent on speculation, such that trading and investing in these assets generally may not be based on fundamental analysis. The slowing, stopping or reversing of the development of the Ethereum Network or the acceptance of Ether may adversely affect the price of Ether. Ether is subject to the risk of fraud, theft, manipulation or security failures, operational or other problems that impact the digital asset trading venues on which Ether trades. The Ethereum blockchain may contain flaws that can be exploited by hackers. A significant portion of Ether is held by a small number of holders sometimes referred to as “whales.” Transactions of these holders may have the ability to manipulate the price of Ether.
Unlike the exchanges for more traditional assets, such as equity securities and futures contracts, Ether and the digital asset trading venues on which it trades are largely unregulated and highly fragmented and digital asset trading venues may be operating out of compliance with regulations. As a result of the lack of regulation, individuals or groups may engage in fraud or market manipulation (including using social media to promote Ether in a way that artificially increases the price of Ether). Investors may be more exposed to the risk of theft, fraud and market manipulation than when investing in more traditional asset classes. Over the past several years, a number of digital asset trading venues have been closed due to fraud, failure or security breaches. Investors in Ether may have little or no recourse should such theft, fraud or manipulation occur and could suffer significant losses. Legal or regulatory changes may negatively impact the operation of the Ethereum network or restrict the use of Ether. The Ether Futures ETFs and Spot Ether ETPs may also be negatively impacted by regulatory enforcement actions against the digital asset trading venues upon which Ether trades. Such actions could significantly reduce the number of venues upon which Ether trades and could negatively impact the Ether futures contracts held by the Ether Futures ETF that reference the price of Ether or the Ether held by the Spot Ether ETPs. In addition, digital asset trading venues, Ether validators, and other participants may have significant exposure to other digital assets. Instability in the price, availability or legal or regulatory status of those instruments may adversely impact the operation of the digital asset trading venues and the Ethereum network. The realization of any of these risks could result in a decline in the acceptance of Ether and consequently a reduction in the value of Ether, Ether futures contracts, Ether-related instruments, and shares of the Ether Futures ETF and Spot Ether ETPs. Such occurrences could also impair the Ether Futures ETFs’ and Spot Ether ETPs’ ability to meet their investment objective pursuant to their respective investment strategy.
If one or a coordinated group of validators were to gain control of 33% or more of staked Ether, they would have the ability to execute extensive attacks, manipulate transactions, halt payments and fraudulently obtain Ether. Over the past several years, a number of ether trading venues have been closed due to fraud, failure or security breaches. Investors in ether may have little or no recourse should such theft, fraud or manipulation occur and could suffer significant losses. Although it may be challenging for a malicious actor (or group of actors) to gain control of 33% of staked Ether, such an attack would significantly impact the value of Ether, and thereby the Ether-related instruments held by the Fund, Ether futures contracts held by the Ether Futures ETF and the Ether held by the Spot Ether ETPs.
A blockchain is a public database that is updated, shared and maintained across many computers in a network. The software that powers a blockchain is known as its protocol. Like all software, these protocols may update or change from time-to-time. If some users or validators adopt a change while others do not and that change is not compatible with the existing software, a fork occurs. Ethereum is an evolving blockchain platform that continues to undergo substantial upgrades, such as the transition from Proof-of-Work to Proof of-Stake Stake (the “Merge”) in 2022 and subsequent network improvements like the 2024 Dencun upgrade to reduce costs and improve scalability. These complex technological upgrades are intended to improve Ethereum’s scalability, security, transaction throughput, energy efficiency, and usability. However, each significant update introduces risks including technical vulnerabilities, potential software flaws, delays in development, operational disruptions, or unintended economic impacts, any of which could negatively affect investor confidence, the adoption of the Ethereum blockchain, or Ether’s valuation.
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A large-scale fork could introduce risk, uncertainty, or confusion into the Ethereum blockchain, or could fraction the value of the main blockchain and its native crypto asset, which could significantly impact the value of Ether, and thereby of the Ether-related instruments held by the Fund, Ether futures contracts held by the Ether Futures ETF and the Ether held by the Spot Ether ETPs. Additionally, a hack of the Ethereum blockchain or one or more projects that interact with or that are built on top of the Ethereum blockchain could negatively impact the price of Ether, whether it leads to another hard fork or not, and thereby the value of the thereby the Ether-related instruments held by the Fund, Ether futures contracts held by the Ether Futures ETFs, and the Ether held by the Spot Ether ETPs.
Transactions in Ether are processed by validators who are primarily compensated in ether based on the amount of Ether staked, as determined by the Ethereum Protocol. If this compensation is not sufficient to incentivize validators to stake, the confirmation process for transactions may slow and the Ethereum Network may become more vulnerable to malicious actors. These and similar events may have a significant adverse effect on the price and liquidity of ether and the value of an investment in the Fund.
The regulatory environment for Ether and the Ethereum blockchain remains uncertain and varied globally. While the CFTC has indicated that ether is generally treated as a commodity, the SEC has not issued a definitive classification, and regulatory risks persist. Unanticipated regulatory actions—including enforcement actions, reclassification of ether’s regulatory status (such as a security versus commodity), or significant policy changes—could materially impact ether’s value and liquidity. Investors should remain aware that shifts in regulatory classification or compliance requirements may adversely impact the viability, market perception, or utility of ether.
The Ethereum ecosystem relies heavily on smart contracts—computer code deployed on the Ethereum blockchain capable of automating financial transactions, asset management, and decentralized application (dApp) functionalities. While smart contract enable substantial innovation, they remain vulnerable to coding errors, exploitation, hacks, and manipulation. Past security breaches involving decentralized finance (DeFi) platforms, decentralized exchanges, and smart contract - based projects have led to significant financial losses, adversely affecting market sentiment, investor confidence, and Ether’s valuation.
Competition from other blockchain networks, sometimes referred to as “Ethereum alternatives” or “Layer 1 competitors,” remains robust. Networks offering potentially superior scalability, lower transaction fees, enhanced privacy, or specific technical advantages—such as Solana, Avalanche, Cardano, Polkadot, and others—continue to attract users, developers, and investors. Successful adoption and growth of competing blockchain ecosystems could limit Ethereum’s market share, ecosystem development, and thus negatively impact ether’s long-term valuation.
The Ethereum network faces potential governance risks. Decisions regarding protocol upgrades, network policies, or operational changes depend on community consensus among diverse stakeholders, including core developers, validators, decentralized autonomous organizations (DAOs), and other influential actors. Disagreements or governance failures within the Ethereum community could result in contentious blockchain forks, fragmentation of resources, diminished market confidence, or value dilution.
The realization of any of these risks could result in a decline in the acceptance of Ether and consequently a reduction in the value of Ether, Spot Ether ETPs, options on Ether-related instruments, and the Fund.
Ether Tax Risk. By investing in Spot Ether ETPs indirectly through the Subsidiary, the Fund will obtain exposure to the crypto asset Ether within the federal tax requirements that apply to the Fund. However, because the Subsidiary is a controlled foreign corporation organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands, any income received by the Fund from its investments in the Subsidiary will be passed through to the Fund as ordinary income, which may be taxed at less favorable rates than capital gains.
A direct investment by the Fund in a Spot Ether ETP will generally be treated as a direct investment in Ether for U.S. federal income tax purposes. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded a regulated investment company (“RIC”) and its shareholders, Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”) requires, among other things, that at least 90% of the Fund’s income be “qualifying income.” Although the income from a direct investment in Spot Ether ETPs is not treated as qualifying income, the income generated from the Fund’s options on the Spot Ether ETPs or indices that use one or more Spot Ether ETPs as the reference asset is considered qualifying income because the option itself is the relevant security for purposes of Section 851(b)(2)) of the Code.
To the extent the IRS disagrees with this view regarding the option itself being the relevant security for recognition of qualifying income, then the Fund may fail to qualify as a RIC under the Code. If, in any year, the Fund fails to qualify as a RIC and was ineligible to or was not able to cure such failure, the Fund would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation and subject to U.S. federal income tax on all its income at the fund level. The resulting taxes could substantially reduce the Fund’s net assets and the amount of income available for distribution. In addition, in order to requalify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make certain distributions. See “Options Risk” and “Derivatives Risk” below for additional risks regarding the Fund’s options strategy.
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Ether Futures ETFs Risks. The Ether Futures ETFs do not invest directly in Ether. Accordingly, the performance of the Ether Futures ETFs should not be expected to match the performance of Ether. The Fund may have significant exposure to the Ether Futures ETF through options positions that utilize the Ether Futures ETF as the reference asset. Accordingly, the Fund may subject to the risks of the Ether Futures ETF, set forth below. In addition to these risks, the Ether Futures ETFs are also subject to the following risks to which the Fund is also subject, which are described within the section entitled “Principal Risks”: Ether Risk, Active Management Risk, Concentration Risk, Cybersecurity Risk, Derivatives Risk, Exchange Traded Funds Risk, Leverage Risk, Market and Geopolitical Risk, Non-Diversification Risk, Operational Risk, Tax Risk, and Valuation Risk.
Ether Futures Risk. The market for Ether futures contracts may be less developed, and potentially less liquid and more volatile, than more established futures markets. While the market has grown substantially since Ether futures contracts commenced trading, there can be no assurance that this growth will continue. The price for Ether futures contracts is based on a number of factors, including the supply of and the demand for Ether futures contracts. Market conditions and expectations, position limits, accountability levels, collateral requirements, availability of counterparties, and other factors each can impact the supply of and demand for Ether futures contracts. Additionally, due to the high margin requirements that are unique to Ether futures contracts, the Ether Futures ETF may experience difficulty maintaining the desired level of exposure to Ether futures contracts. If the Ether Futures ETF is unable to achieve such exposure it may not be able to meet its investment objective and the Ether Futures ETF’s returns may be different or lower than expected. Additionally, collateral requirements may require the Ether Futures ETF to liquidate its positions, potentially incurring losses and expenses, when it otherwise would not do so. Investing in derivatives like Ether futures contracts may be considered aggressive and may expose the Ether Futures ETF to significant risks. These risks include counterparty risk and liquidity risk.
Ether Futures Capacity Risk. If the Ether Futures ETF’s ability to obtain exposure to Ether futures contracts consistent with its investment objective is disrupted for any reason including, for example, limited liquidity in the Ether futures market, a disruption to the Ether futures market, or as a result of margin requirements, position limits, accountability levels, or other limitations imposed by the Ether Futures ETF’s futures commission merchants (“FCMs”), the listing exchanges, or the CFTC, the Ether Futures ETF may not be able to achieve its investment objective and may experience significant losses. Any disruption in the Ether Futures ETF’s ability to obtain exposure to Ether futures contracts will cause the fund’s performance to deviate from the performance of Ether futures contracts, and consequently, Ether. Additionally, the ability of the Ether Futures ETF to obtain exposure to Ether futures contracts is limited by certain tax rules that limit the amount the Ether Futures ETF can invest in its wholly-owned subsidiary as of the end of each tax quarter.
Blockchain Technology Risk. Blockchain technology, which underpins Ether and other digital assets, is relatively new, and many of its applications are untested. The adoption of blockchain and the development of competing platforms or technologies could affect its usage. Investments in companies or vehicles that utilize blockchain technology are subject to market volatility and may experience lower trading volumes compared to more established industries. Additionally, regulatory changes, internet disruptions, cybersecurity incidents, and intellectual property disputes could further affect the adoption and functionality of blockchain technology.
Cost of Futures Investment Risk. When an Ether futures contract is nearing expiration, the Ether Futures ETF will “roll” the futures contract, which means it will generally sell the Ether futures contract and use the proceeds to buy an Ether futures contract with a later expiration date. When rolling futures contracts that are in contango, the Ether Futures ETF would sell a lower priced, expiring contract and purchase a higher priced, longer-dated contract. The price difference between the expiring contract and longer-dated contract associated with rolling futures contracts is typically substantially higher than the price difference associated with rolling other futures contracts. Ether futures contracts have historically experienced extended periods of contango. Contango in the Ether futures contracts market may have a significant adverse impact on the performance of the Ether Futures ETF and may cause Ether futures contracts, and the Ether Futures ETF, to underperform the current price of Ether. Both contango and backwardation would reduce the Ether Futures ETF’s correlation to the current price of Ether and may limit or prevent the Ether Futures ETF from achieving its investment objective.
Clearing Broker Risk. The Ether Future ETF’s investments in exchange-traded futures contracts expose it to the risks of a clearing broker (or an FCM). Under current regulations, a clearing broker or FCM maintains customers’ assets in a bulk segregated account. There is a risk that the assets of the Ether Futures ETF deposited with the clearing broker to serve as margin may be used to satisfy the broker’s own obligations or the losses of the broker’s other clients. In the event of default, the Ether Futures ETF could experience lengthy delays in recovering some or all of its assets and may not see any recovery at all. Furthermore, the Ether Futures ETF is subject to the risk that no FCM is willing or able to clear the Fund’s transactions or maintain the Ether Futures ETF’s assets. If the Ether Futures ETF’s FCMs are unable or unwilling to clear the Ether Futures ETF’s transactions, or if the FCM refuses to maintain the Ether Futures ETF’s assets, the Ether Futures ETF will be unable have its orders for Ether futures contracts fulfilled or assets custodied. In such a circumstance, the performance of the Ether Futures ETF will likely deviate from the performance of Ether and may result in the proportion of Ether futures contracts in the Ether Futures ETF’s portfolio relative to the total assets of the Ether Futures ETF to decrease.
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Commodity Regulatory Risk. The Ether Futures ETF’s use of commodities futures subject to regulation by the CFTC has caused the Ether Futures ETF to be classified as a “commodity pool” and this designation requires that the Ether Futures ETF comply with CFTC rules, which may impose additional regulatory requirements and compliance obligations. The Ether Futures ETF’s investment decisions may need to be modified, and commodity contract positions held by the Ether Futures ETF may have to be liquidated at disadvantageous times or prices, to avoid exceeding any applicable position limits established by the CFTC, potentially subjecting the Ether Futures ETF to substantial losses. The regulation of commodity transactions in the United States is subject to ongoing modification by government, self-regulatory and judicial action. The effect of any future regulatory change with respect to any aspect of the Ether Futures ETF is impossible to predict, but could be substantial and adverse to the Ether Futures ETF.
Digital Asset Industry Risk. The digital asset industry is a new, speculative, and still-developing industry that faces many risks. In this emerging environment, events that are not directly related to the security or utility of the Ethereum blockchain can nonetheless precipitate a significant decline in the price of Ethereum. For instance, in May 2022, the collapse of the algorithmic stablecoin TerraUSD and its paired crypto asset LUNA destroyed an estimated $60 billion in value in the crypto ecosystem. Although TerraUSD and LUNA operated on their own blockchain (the “Terra” blockchain). As another example, in November 2022, FTX Trading Ltd. – an offshore digital asset trading venue specializing in crypto derivatives – collapsed and filed for bankruptcy. Additional instability, failures, bankruptcies or other negative events in the digital asset industry, including events that are not necessarily related to the security or utility of the Ethereum blockchain, could similarly negatively impact the price of Ether, and thereby the Ether futures contracts held by the Ether Futures ETF.
Digital Asset Regulatory Risk. Digital asset markets in the U.S. exist in a state of regulatory uncertainty, and adverse legislative or regulatory developments could significantly harm the value of Ether futures contracts or the Ether Futures ETF’s shares, such as by banning, restricting or imposing onerous conditions or prohibitions on the use of Ether, staking, digital wallets, the provision of services related to trading and custodying digital assets, the operation of the Ethereum network, or the digital asset markets generally. Such occurrences could also impair the Ether Futures ETF’s ability to meet its investment objective pursuant to its investment strategy.
Futures Contracts Risk. Risks of futures contracts include: (i) an imperfect correlation between the value of the futures contract and the underlying asset; (ii) possible lack of a liquid secondary market; (iii) the inability to close a futures contract when desired; (iv) losses caused by unanticipated market movements, which may be unlimited; (v) an obligation for the Ether Futures ETF to make daily cash payments to maintain its required margin, particularly at times when the Ether Futures ETF may have insufficient cash; and (vi) unfavorable execution prices from rapid selling. Unlike equities, which typically entitle the holder to a continuing stake in a corporation, futures contracts normally specify a certain date for settlement in cash based on the reference asset. As the futures contracts approach expiration, they may be replaced by similar contracts that have a later expiration. This process is referred to as “rolling.” If the market for these contracts is in “contango,” meaning that the prices of futures contracts in the nearer months are lower than the price of contracts in the distant months, the sale of the near-term month contract would be at a lower price than the longer-term contract, resulting in a cost to “roll” the futures contract. The actual realization of a potential roll cost will be dependent upon the difference in price of the near and distant contract. The costs associated with rolling Ether futures contracts may have a significant adverse impact on the performance of the Ether Futures ETF.
Market and Volatility Risk. The prices of Ether and Ether futures contracts have historically been highly volatile. The value of Ether has been, and may continue to be, substantially dependent on speculation, such that trading and investing in these assets generally may not be based on fundamental analysis. The value of the Ether Future ETF’s investments in Ether futures contracts – and therefore the value of an investment in the Ether Futures ETF – could decline significantly and without warning, including to zero.
Reverse Repurchase Agreements Risk. Reverse repurchase agreements involve both counterparty risk and the risk that the value of securities that the Ether Futures ETF is obligated to repurchase under the agreement may decline below the repurchase price. Reverse repurchase agreements involve leverage risk; the Ether Futures ETF may lose money as a result of declines in the values both of the security subject to the reverse repurchase agreement and the instruments in which the Ether Futures ETF invested the proceeds of the reverse repurchase agreement.
Trading Halt Risk. Trading in shares of the Ether Futures ETF on U.S. securities exchanges may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of an exchange, make trading in shares of the Ether Futures ETF inadvisable. In addition, trading of shares of the Ether Futures ETF on securities exchanges is subject to trading halts caused by extraordinary market volatility pursuant to an exchange’s “circuit breaker” rules. Shares of the Ether Futures ETF may be at a higher risk of a trading halt due to the volatility of Ether. In the event that shares of the Ether Futures ETF are subject to a trading halt, the Fund’s ability to pursue its principal investment strategy may be impaired and the Fund may be negatively affected.
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Subsidiary Investment Risk. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Ether Futures ETF and its wholly-owned Cayman subsidiary are organized, respectively, could result in the inability of the Ether Futures ETF to operate as intended and could negatively affect the Ether Futures ETF and its shareholders (such as the Fund). The Ether Futures ETF’s Cayman subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act and is not subject to all the investor protections of the 1940 Act.
Custody Risk. Security breaches, computer malware and computer hacking attacks have been a prevalent concern in relation to digital assets. The Ether held by the Spot Ether ETPs’ custodian will likely be an appealing target to hackers or malware distributors seeking to destroy, damage or steal the Spot Ether ETPs’ ether. To the extent that the Spot Ether ETPs and their service providers are unable to identify and mitigate or stop new security threats or otherwise adapt to technological changes in the digital asset industry, a Spot Ether ETP’s ether may be subject to theft, loss, destruction or other attack. The Spot Ether ETPs have put security procedures in place to prevent such theft, loss or destruction, including but not limited to, offline storage, or cold storage, multiple encrypted private key “shards”, and other measures. Nevertheless, the security procedures cannot guarantee the prevention of any loss due to a security breach, software defect or act of God that may be borne by the Spot Ether ETPs and the security procedures may not protect against all errors, software flaws or other vulnerabilities in an Spot Ether ETP’s technical infrastructure, which could result in theft, loss or damage of its assets. The Spot Ether ETPs do not control the operations of their service providers or their implementation of such security procedures and there can be no assurance that such security procedures will actually work as designed or prove to be successful in safeguarding a Spot Ether ETP’s assets against all possible sources of theft, loss or damage. Assets not held in cold storage, such as assets held in a trading account, may be more vulnerable to security breach, hacking or loss than assets held in cold storage. Furthermore, assets held in a trading account are held on an omnibus, rather than segregated basis, which creates greater risk of loss. The security procedures and operational infrastructure may be breached due to the actions of outside parties, error or malfeasance of an employee of an Spot Ether ETP’s service providers, and, as a result, an unauthorized party may obtain access to the Spot Ether ETP’s account at the custodian where its ether is held, the relevant private keys (and therefore ether) or other data or property of a Spot Ether ETP. Additionally, outside parties may attempt to fraudulently induce employees of a Spot Ether ETP or its service providers to disclose sensitive information in order to gain access to a Spot Ether ETP’s infrastructure. As the techniques used to obtain unauthorized access, disable or degrade service, or sabotage systems change frequently, or may be designed to remain dormant until a predetermined event and often are not recognized until launched against a target, a Spot Ether ETP and its service providers may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventative measures.
Concentration Risk. Because the Fund invests more than 25% of its assets in Spot Ether ETPs and options on Ether-related instruments, the Fund’s net asset value may fluctuate more than that of a fund that does not concentrate in Spot Ether ETPs and options on Ether-related instruments.
Counterparty Risk. Counterparty risk is the risk that a counterparty to a financial instrument held by the Fund may become insolvent or otherwise fail to perform its obligations, and the Fund may obtain no or limited recovery of its investment, and any recovery may be significantly delayed.
Derivatives Risk. Options are a derivative investment. The use of derivative instruments involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities and other traditional investments. These risks include (i) the risk that the counterparty to a derivative transaction may not fulfil its contractual obligations; (ii) risk of mispricing or improper valuation; and (iii) the risk that changes in the value of the derivative may not correlate perfectly with the underlying asset, rate or index. Derivative prices are highly volatile and may fluctuate substantially during a short period of time. Such prices are influenced by numerous factors that affect the markets, including, but not limited to: changing supply and demand relationships; government programs and policies; national and international political and economic events, changes in interest rates, inflation and deflation and changes in supply and demand relationships.
Investing for hedging purposes or to increase the Fund’s return may result in certain additional transaction costs that may reduce the Fund’s performance. When used for hedging purposes, no assurance can be given that each derivative position will achieve a perfect correlation with the security against which it is being hedged. Because the markets for certain derivative instruments are relatively new, suitable derivatives transactions may not be available in all circumstances for risk management or other purposes and there can be no assurance that a particular derivative position will be available when sought by the Adviser or that such techniques will be utilized by the Adviser.
The market value of derivative instruments and securities may be more volatile than that of other instruments, and each type of derivative instrument may have its own special risks, including the risk of mispricing or improper valuation of derivatives and the inability of derivatives to correlate perfectly with underlying assets, rates, and indices. Many derivatives, in particular privately negotiated derivatives, are complex and often valued subjectively. Improper valuations can result in increased cash payment requirements to counterparties or a loss of value to the Fund. The value of derivatives may not correlate perfectly, or at all, with the value of the assets, reference rates or indices they are designed to closely track.
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Derivatives are subject to a number of other risks, including liquidity risk (the possibility that the derivative may be difficult to purchase or sell and the Adviser may be unable to initiate a transaction or liquidate a position at an advantageous time or price), leverage risk (the possibility that adverse changes in the value or level of the underlying asset, reference rate or index can result in loss of an amount substantially greater than the amount invested in the derivative), interest rate risk (some derivatives are more sensitive to interest rate changes and market price fluctuations), and counterparty risk (the risk that a counterparty may be unable to perform according to a contract, and that any deterioration in a counterparty’s creditworthiness could adversely affect the instrument). In addition, because derivative products are highly specialized, investment techniques and risk analyses employed with respect to investments in derivatives are different from those associated with stocks and bonds. Finally, the Fund’s use of derivatives may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gains (generally taxed at ordinary income tax rates) than if the Fund had not used such instruments. Derivative instruments are also subject to the risk that the market value of an instrument will change to the detriment of the Fund. If the Adviser inaccurately forecast the values of securities, interest rates or other economic factors in using derivatives, the Fund might have been in a better position if it had not entered into the transaction at all. Some strategies involving derivative instruments can reduce the risk of loss, but they can also reduce the opportunity for gain or result in losses by offsetting favorable price movements in other investments held by the Fund. The Fund may also have to buy or sell a security at a disadvantageous time or price because regulations require funds to maintain offsetting positions or asset coverage in connection with certain derivatives transactions.
Exchange Traded Funds (“ETFs”) Risk. The Fund is structured as an ETF. As a result, the Fund is subject to special risks, including:
| ● | Not Individually Redeemable. The Shares are not redeemable by retail investors and may be redeemed only by Authorized Participants at net asset value (“NAV”) and only in Creation Units. A retail investor generally incurs brokerage costs when selling shares. |
| ● | Trading Issues. Trading in Shares on Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc. (the “Exchange”) may be halted due to market conditions or for reasons that, in the view of the Exchange, make trading in Shares inadvisable, such as extraordinary market volatility. There can be no assurance that Shares will continue to meet the listing requirements of the Exchange which may result in the Shares being delisted. An active trading market for the Shares may not be developed or maintained. If the Shares are traded outside a collateralized settlement system, the number of financial institutions that can act as Authorized Participants that can post collateral on an agency basis is limited, which may limit the market for the Shares. |
| ● | Market Price Variance Risk. The market prices of Shares will fluctuate in response to changes in NAV and supply and demand for Shares and will include a “bid-ask spread” charged by the exchange specialists, market makers or other participants that trade the Shares. There may be times when the market price and the NAV vary significantly. This means that Shares may trade at a discount to NAV. |
| ○ | In times of market stress, market makers may step away from their role market making in the Shares and in executing trades, which can lead to differences between the market value of the Shares and the Fund’s NAV. |
| ○ | The market price of the Shares may deviate from the Fund’s NAV, particularly during times of market stress, with the result that investors may pay significantly more or significantly less for the Shares than the Fund’s NAV, which is reflected in the bid and ask price for the Shares or in the closing price. |
| ○ | In stressed market conditions, the market for the Shares may become less liquid in response to the deteriorating liquidity of the Fund’s portfolio. This adverse effect on the liquidity of the Shares may, in turn, lead to differences between the market value of the Shares and the Fund’s NAV. |
| ● | Authorized Participant Risk. Only an Authorized Participant may engage in creation or redemption transactions directly with the Fund. The Fund has a limited number of institutions that may act as an Authorized Participant on an agency basis (i.e., on behalf of other market participants). To the extent that Authorized Participants exit the business or are unable to proceed with creation or redemption orders with respect to the Fund and no other Authorized Participant is able to step forward to create or redeem Creation Units, Fund shares may be more likely to trade at a premium or discount to net asset value and possibly face trading halts or delisting. Authorized Participant concentration risk may be heightened for securities or instruments that have lower trading volumes. |
Additionally, purchases and redemptions of creation units primarily with cash rather than through in-kind delivery of portfolio securities may cause the Fund to incur certain costs, including brokerage costs or taxable gains or losses that it might not have incurred if it made a redemption in-kind, and therefore decrease the Fund’s NAV to the extent not offset by a transaction fee payable by an AP.
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FLEX Options Risk. Trading FLEX Options involves risks different from, or possibly greater than, the risks associated with investing directly in securities. The Fund may experience losses from specific FLEX Option positions and certain FLEX Option positions may expire worthless. The FLEX Options are listed on an exchange; however, no one can guarantee that a liquid secondary trading market will exist for the FLEX Options. In the event that trading in the FLEX Options is limited or absent, the value of the Fund’s FLEX Options may decrease. In a less liquid market for the FLEX Options, liquidating the FLEX Options may require the payment of a premium (for written FLEX Options) or acceptance of a discounted price (for purchased FLEX Options) and may take longer to complete. A less liquid trading market may adversely impact the value of the FLEX Options and Fund shares and result in the Fund being unable to achieve its investment objective. Less liquidity in the trading of the Fund’s FLEX Options could have an impact on the prices paid or received by the Fund for the FLEX Options in connection with creations and redemptions of the Fund’s shares. Depending on the nature of this impact to pricing, the Fund may be forced to pay more for redemptions (or receive less for creations) than the price at which it currently values the FLEX Options. Such overpayment or under collection could reduce the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. Additionally, in a less liquid market for the FLEX Options, the liquidation of a large number of options may more significantly impact the price. A less liquid trading market may adversely impact the value of the FLEX Options and the value of your investment. The trading in FLEX Options may be less deep and liquid than the market for certain other exchange-traded options, non-customized options or other securities.
Large Shareholder and Large-Scale Redemption Risk. Certain shareholders, including an Authorized Participant, a third-party investor, the Fund’s adviser or an affiliate of the Fund’s adviser, a market maker, or another entity, may from time to time own or manage a substantial amount of Fund shares or may invest in the Fund and hold its investment for a limited period of time. These shareholders may also pledge or loan Fund shares (to secure financing or otherwise), which may result in the shares becoming concentrated in another party. There can be no assurance that any large shareholder or large group of shareholders would not redeem their investment or that the size of the Fund would be maintained. Redemptions of a large number of Fund shares by these shareholders may adversely affect the Fund’s liquidity and net assets. To the extent the Fund permits redemptions in cash, these redemptions may force the Fund to sell portfolio securities when it might not otherwise do so, which may negatively impact the Fund’s NAV, have a material effect on the market price of the Shares and increase the Fund’s brokerage costs and/or accelerate the realization of taxable income and/or gains and cause the Fund to make taxable distributions to its shareholders earlier than the Fund otherwise would have. In addition, under certain circumstances, non-redeeming shareholders may be treated as receiving a disproportionately large taxable distribution during or with respect to such tax year. The Fund also may be required to sell its more liquid Fund investments to meet a large redemption, in which case the Fund’s remaining assets may be less liquid, more volatile, and more difficult to price. To the extent these large shareholders transact in shares on the secondary market, such transactions may account for a large percentage of the trading volume for the shares of the Fund and may, therefore, have a material upward or downward effect on the market price of the Shares. In addition, large purchases of Fund shares may adversely affect the Fund’s performance to the extent that the Fund is delayed in investing new cash and is required to maintain a larger cash position than it ordinarily would, diluting its investment returns.
Market and Geopolitical Risk. The increasing interconnectivity between global economies and financial markets increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one region or financial market may adversely impact issuers in a different country, region or financial market. Securities in the Fund’s portfolio may underperform due to inflation (or expectations for inflation), interest rates, global demand for particular products or resources, natural disasters, climate change and climate-related events, pandemics, epidemics, terrorism, international conflicts, regulatory events and governmental or quasi-governmental actions. The occurrence of global events similar to those in recent years, such as terrorist attacks around the world, natural disasters, social and political discord or debt crises and downgrades, among others, may result in market volatility and may have long term effects on both the U.S. financial markets worldwide. It is difficult to predict when similar events affecting the U.S. or global financial markets may occur, the effects that such events may have and the duration of those effects. Any such event(s) could have a significant adverse impact on the value and risk profile of the Fund’s portfolio. The Fund could lose money over short periods due to pandemics, short-term market movements and over longer periods during more prolonged market downturns. During a general market downturn, multiple asset classes may be negatively affected. Changes in market conditions and interest rates can have the same impact on all types of securities and instruments. In times of severe market disruptions, you could lose your entire investment.
New Fund Risk. If the Fund does not grow large in size once it commences trading, it will be at greater risk than larger funds of wider bid-ask spreads for its shares, trading at a greater premium or discount to NAV, liquidation and/or a stop to trading. Any resulting liquidation of the Fund could cause the Fund to incur elevated transaction costs for the Fund and negative tax consequences for its shareholders. Because the Fund has only recently commenced operations, it has no performance history yet.
Non-Diversification Risk. The Fund is non-diversified. This means that it may invest a larger portion of its assets in a limited number of companies than a diversified fund. Because a relatively high percentage of the Fund’s assets may be invested in the securities of a limited number of companies that could be in the same or related economic sectors, the Fund’s portfolio may be more susceptible to any single economic, technological or regulatory occurrence than the portfolio of a diversified fund.
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Options Risk. Buying and selling (writing) options are speculative activities and entail greater than ordinary investment risks. Options enable the Fund to purchase exposure that is significantly greater than the premium paid. Consequently, the value of such options can be volatile, and a small investment in options can have a large impact on the performance of the Fund. The Fund risks losing all or part of the cash paid (premiums) for purchasing options. Even a small decline in the value of a reference asset underlying call options or a small increase in the value of a reference asset underlying put options can result in the entire investment in such options being lost. When selling an option, the Fund will receive a premium; however, this premium may not be enough to offset a loss incurred by the Fund if the price of the underlying asset is below the strike price for a put option, or above the strike price for a call option, by an amount equal to or greater than the premium. The Fund’s options also may fail to track the performance of their underlying reference asset, which may limit the effectiveness of the Fund’s strategy. Additionally, the value of the option may be lost if the Adviser fails to exercise such option at or prior to its expiration. The potential loss from written options can exceed the Fund’s initial investment in such options and could be unlimited.
Portfolio Turnover Risk. Due to its investment strategy, the Fund may buy and sell securities frequently. This may result in higher transaction costs and additional capital gains tax liabilities, which may affect the Fund’s performance.
Rolling Options Contract Risk. The Fund’s investments in options are subject to risks related to rolling. Rolling occurs when the Fund closes out of an options contract as it nears its expiration and replaces it with a contract that has a later expiration. The Fund does not intend to hold options through expiration, but instead intends to “roll” its positions. When the market for these options is such that the prices are higher in the more distant delivery months than in the nearer delivery months, the sale during the course of the “rolling process” of the more nearby contract would take place at a price that is lower than the price of the more distant contract. This pattern of higher option prices for longer expiration contracts is often referred to as “contango.” Alternatively, when the market for options contracts is such that the prices are higher in the nearer months than in the more distant months, the sale during the course of the “rolling process” of the more nearby contract would take place at a price that is higher than the price of the more distant contract. This pattern of higher options prices for shorter expiration options contracts is referred to as “backwardation.” Extended periods of contango or backwardation have occurred in the past and can in the future cause significant losses for the Fund.
Spot Ether ETP Risk. The value of a Spot Ether ETP security may be more volatile than the market as a whole and may perform differently from the value of the market as a whole. It is possible that Spot Ether ETP issuer-specific attributes may cause an investment held by the Fund in such Spot Ether ETP to be more volatile than the market generally. Spot Ether ETPs have been in existence a relatively short period of time with a short trading history. Many of the risks associated with Spot Ether ETP securities are the same as the risks of owning Ether directly. See Ether Risk.
Trading in Spot Ether ETP shares is a recent development. If a Spot Ether ETP’s creation and redemption process is interrupted or experiences difficulties, the arbitrage mechanism utilized by authorized participants to reduce the differences between the Spot Ether ETP’s market price and net asset value may not work as intended and the market price of the Spot Ether ETP shares may fall or otherwise diverge from the Spot Ether ETP’s net asset value, which may result in the Spot Ether ETP’s shares trading at an increased premium or discount. A Spot Ether ETP may suspend the issuance of shares at any time which will impact the price of shares of a Spot Ether ETP, resulting in significant difference (premium/discount) between the Spot Ether ETP’s market price and its net asset value. Additionally, the Fund may be unable to transact in the shares of the Spot Ether ETP at an acceptable price and therefore the Fund may be unable to achieve its investment objective.
Cybersecurity or other threats to a Spot Ether ETP’s account at its custodian could result in the halting of the Spot Ether ETP’s operations and a loss of the Spot Ether ETP’s assets, which could result in a reduction of the value of the shares of the Spot Ether ETP and the Fund.
Spot Ether ETPs are subject to custodian risk including if the custodian fails to provide services as required or terminates the custodian agreement.
Spot Ether ETPs are subject to management fees and other expenses, and the Fund’s investments in Spot Ether ETPs will create higher costs for the Fund compared to the costs of the Fund owning Ether directly.
Spot Ether ETPs determine the spot price of Ether and calculate their net asset values in reliance on composite indexes and other pricing sources. These indexes have a limited operating history. Thus, there is a risk that the price reported by the indexes could fail to track the global Ether price, which would adversely affect the value of a Spot Ether ETP’s shares and the Fund. The value of a Spot Ether as represented by an index or other pricing source used by a Spot Ether ETP could be adversely affected by trading activity on digital asset platforms.
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Spot Ether ETPs are not registered, nor are they required to be registered, as investment companies subject to the 1940 Act. Accordingly, investors in Spot Ether ETPs do not have the protections expressly provided by that statute, including: provisions preventing Spot Ether ETP insiders from managing a Spot Ether ETP to their benefit and to the detriment of shareholders; provisions preventing a Spot Ether ETP from issuing securities having inequitable or discriminatory provisions; provisions preventing management by irresponsible persons; provisions preventing the use of unsound or misleading methods of computing Spot Ether ETP earnings and asset value; provisions prohibiting suspension of redemptions (except under limited circumstances); provisions limiting fund leverage; provisions imposing a fiduciary duty on fund managers with respect to receipt of compensation for services; and provisions preventing changes in a Spot Ether ETP’s character without the consent of shareholders. Because the Fund invests in one or more Spot Ether ETPs indirectly through the Subsidiary, the Fund’s investments are expected to be subject to loss as a result of these risks.
Tax Risk. The Fund invests in derivatives. The federal income tax treatment of a derivative may not be as favorable as a direct investment in an underlying asset. Derivatives may produce taxable income and taxable realized gain. Derivatives may adversely affect the timing, character and amount of income the Fund realizes from its investments. As a result, a larger portion of the Fund’s distributions may be treated as ordinary income rather than as capital gains. In addition, certain derivatives are subject to mark-to-market or straddle provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”). If such provisions are applicable, there could be an increase (or decrease) in the amount of taxable dividends paid by the Fund. The use of derivatives, such as call options, may cause the Fund to realize higher amounts of short-term capital gains or otherwise affect the Fund’s ability to pay out dividends subject to preferential rates or the dividend deduction, thereby increasing the amount of taxes payable by some shareholders. The writing of call options by the Fund may significantly reduce or eliminate the ability to make distributions eligible to be treated as qualified dividend income or as eligible for the dividends received deduction for corporate shareholders. From time to time, a portion of a distribution by the Fund may consist of a return of capital (i.e., from your original investment) and not a return of net profit.
To qualify as a regulated investment company (“RIC”), the Fund must meet certain requirements concerning the source of its income. The Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary is intended to provide exposure to Ether in a manner that is consistent with the “qualifying income” requirement applicable to RICs. The Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) has ceased issuing private letter rulings regarding whether the use of subsidiaries by investment companies to invest in certain instruments constitute qualifying income. If the IRS determines that this source of income is not “qualifying income,” the Fund may cease to qualify as a RIC because the Fund has not received a private letter ruling and is not able to rely on private letter rulings issued to other taxpayers. Failure to qualify as a RIC could subject the Fund to adverse tax consequences, including a federal income tax on its net income at regular corporate rates, as well as a tax to shareholders on such income when distributed as an ordinary dividend.
Based on the principles underlying private letter rulings previously issued to other taxpayers, the Fund intends to treat its income from the Subsidiary as qualifying income without any such ruling from the IRS. The tax treatment of the Fund’s investment in the Subsidiary may be adversely affected by future legislation, court decisions, Treasury Regulations and/or guidance issued by the IRS that could affect whether income derived from such investments is “qualifying income” under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code, or otherwise affect the character, timing and/or amount of the Fund’s taxable income or any gains or distributions made by the Fund.
U.S. Government Securities Risk. U.S. Treasury obligations are backed by the “full faith and credit” of the U.S. government and generally have negligible credit risk. Securities issued or guaranteed by federal agencies or authorities and U.S. government-sponsored instrumentalities or enterprises may or may not be backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. government.
Valuation Risk. The price the Fund could receive upon the sale of a security or other asset may differ from the Fund’s valuation of the security or other asset, particularly for securities or other assets that trade in low volume or volatile markets or that are valued using a fair value methodology. In addition, the value of the securities or other assets in the Fund’s portfolio may change on days or during time periods when shareholders will not be able to purchase or sell the Fund’s shares. Authorized Participants who purchase or redeem Fund shares on days when the Fund is holding fair-valued securities may receive fewer or more shares, or lower or higher redemption proceeds, than they would have received had the Fund not fair-valued securities or used a different valuation methodology. Valuation may be more difficult in times of market turmoil since many investors and market makers may be reluctant to purchase complex instruments or quote prices for them. The Fund’s ability to value investments may be impacted by technological issues or errors by pricing services or other third-party service providers.
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Wholly Owned Subsidiary Risk. Changes in the laws of the United States and/or the Cayman Islands, under which the Fund and Subsidiary, respectively, are organized, could result in the inability of the Fund and/or Subsidiary to operate as described in this Prospectus and could negatively affect the Fund and its shareholders. For example, the Cayman Islands does not currently impose any income, corporate or capital gains tax, estate duty, inheritance tax, gift tax or withholding tax on the Subsidiary. If Cayman Islands law changes such that the Subsidiary must pay Cayman Islands taxes, Fund shareholders would likely suffer decreased investment returns. The Subsidiary is not registered under the 1940 Act and, unless otherwise noted in this Prospectus, is not subject to all of the investor protections of the 1940 Act. The Fund, by investing in the Subsidiary when viewed in isolation from the Fund, will not have all of the protections offered to investors in registered investment companies with respect to Sections 8 and 18 (regarding investment policies, capital structure and leverage), Section 15 (regarding investment advisory contracts) and Section 17 (regarding affiliated transactions and custody). However, the Fund wholly owns and controls the Subsidiary, and is overseen by the Adviser, making it unlikely that the Subsidiary will take action contrary to the interests of the Fund or its shareholders. The Board has oversight responsibility for the investment activities of the Fund, including its investment in the Subsidiary, and the Fund’s role as the sole shareholder of the Subsidiary.
Taxation Risk. By investing in certain Spot Ether ETPs indirectly through the Subsidiary, the Fund will obtain exposure to these securities within the federal tax requirements that apply to the Fund. However, because the Subsidiary is a controlled foreign corporation, any income received from its investments will be passed through to the Fund as ordinary income, which may be taxed at less favorable rates than capital gains. Exceeding this amount may have tax consequences. In order to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded a RIC and its shareholders, the Fund must derive at least 90% of its gross income for each taxable year from “qualifying income,” meet certain asset diversification tests at the end of each taxable quarter, and meet annual distribution requirements. The Fund’s pursuit of its investment strategy will potentially be limited by the Fund’s intention to qualify for such treatment and could adversely affect the Fund’s ability to so qualify. The Fund expects to gain exposure to Ether and generate qualifying income by investing a portion of its assets in a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Fund organized under the laws of the Cayman Islands. To comply with the asset diversification test applicable to a RIC, the Fund will limit its investments in such subsidiary to 25% of the Fund’s total assets at the end of each tax quarter. The Fund may, however, exceed this amount from time to time inadvertently or if the Adviser believes doing so is in the best interests of the Fund, provided, however, that the Fund intends to continue to comply with the asset diversification test applicable to RICs. If the Fund’s investments in the subsidiary were to exceed 25% of the Fund’s total assets at the end of a tax quarter, the Fund may no longer be eligible to be treated as a RIC. The Adviser will carefully monitor the Fund’s investments in the subsidiary to ensure that no more than 25% of the Fund’s assets are invested in the subsidiary at the end of each tax quarter. There are no assurances that the IRS will agree with the Fund’s calculation under the asset diversification test which could cause the Fund to fail to qualify as a RIC. If, in any year, the Fund were to fail to qualify for the special tax treatment accorded a RIC and its shareholders, and were ineligible to or were not to cure such failure, the Fund would be taxed in the same manner as an ordinary corporation subject to U.S. federal income tax on all its income at the fund level. The resulting taxes could substantially reduce the Fund’s net assets and the amount of income available for distribution. In addition, in order to requalify for taxation as a RIC, the Fund could be required to recognize unrealized gains, pay substantial taxes and interest, and make certain distributions.
Other Risks
The following section provides information regarding certain other risks of investing in the Fund.
Costs of Buying or Selling Shares. Investors buying or selling Shares in the secondary market will pay brokerage commissions or other charges imposed by brokers as determined by that broker. Brokerage commissions are often a fixed amount and may be a significant proportional cost for investors seeking to buy or sell relatively small amounts of Shares. In addition, secondary market investors will also incur the cost of the difference between the price that an investor is willing to pay for Shares (the “bid” price) and the price at which an investor is willing to sell Shares (the “ask” price). This difference in bid and ask prices is often referred to as the “spread” or “bid/ask spread.” The bid/ask spread varies over time for Shares based on trading volume and market liquidity and is generally lower if the Fund’s Shares have more trading volume and market liquidity and higher if the Fund’s Shares have little trading volume and market liquidity. Further, increased market volatility may cause increased bid/ask spreads. Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small investments.
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Cybersecurity and Disaster Recovery. Information and technology systems relied upon by the Fund, the Adviser, the Fund’s other service providers (including, but not limited to, the Fund Accountant, Custodian, Transfer Agent, Administrator, Distributor and index providers, as applicable), market makers, Authorized Participants, financial intermediaries and/or the issuers of securities in which the Fund invests may be vulnerable to damage or interruption from computer viruses, network failures, computer and telecommunication failures, infiltration by unauthorized persons, security breaches, usage errors, power outages and catastrophic events such as fires, tornadoes, floods, hurricanes and earthquakes. Although the Adviser and the Fund’s other service providers have implemented measures to manage risks relating to these types of events, if these systems are compromised, become inoperable for extended periods of time or cease to function properly, significant investment may be required to fix or replace them. The failure of these systems and/or of disaster recovery plans could cause significant interruptions in the operations of the Fund, the Adviser, the Fund’s other service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants, financial intermediaries and/or issuers of securities in which the Fund invests and may result in a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality or privacy of sensitive data, impact the Fund’s ability to calculate its net asset value or impede trading. Such a failure could also harm the reputation of the Fund, the Adviser, the Fund’s other service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants, financial intermediaries and/or issuers of securities in which the Fund invests, subject such entities and their respective affiliates to legal claims or otherwise affect their business and financial performance.
Operations. The Fund is exposed to operational risk arising from a number of factors, including but not limited to human error, processing and communication errors, errors of the Fund’s service providers, counterparties or other third-parties, failed or inadequate processes and technology or systems failures. The Fund seeks to reduce these operational risks through controls and procedures. However, these measures do not address every possible risk and may be inadequate for those risks that they are intended to address.
Changes in Investment Objective or Policies
The Fund’s Board of Trustees (the “Board”) may change the Fund’s investment objective and/or its fund name policy, both of which are non-fundamental, without shareholder approval upon 60 days’ written notice to shareholders. The Fund’s other investment policies and strategies may be changed by the Board without shareholder approval unless otherwise provided in this prospectus or in the Statement of Additional Information.
Disclosure of Portfolio Holdings
The Fund’s portfolio holdings will be disclosed each day on its website at www.Neosfunds.com. A description of the Fund’s policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure of the Fund’s portfolio securities is available in the Statement of Additional Information (SAI).
Fund Management
The Adviser
NEOS Investment Management, LLC, located at 13 Riverside Ave, Westport, CT 06880 serves as the investment adviser to the Fund. The Adviser is a Delaware limited liability company formed in 2022 to provide investment advisory services to registered investment companies. As of March 30, 2026, the Adviser has approximately $21.7 billion in assets under management.
The Adviser is responsible for the Fund’s investment operations and its business affairs. Pursuant to a management agreement between the Trust and the Adviser with respect to the Fund (“Management Agreement”) and subject to the general oversight of the Board, the Adviser provides or causes to be furnished all supervisory and other services reasonably necessary for the operation of the Fund, including audit, portfolio accounting, legal, transfer agency, custody, printing costs, certain administrative services (provided pursuant to a separate administration agreement), certain distribution services (provided pursuant to a separate distribution agreement), certain shareholder and distribution-related services (provided pursuant to a separate Rule 12b-1 Plan and related agreements) under what is essentially an all-in fee structure. The Fund may bear other expenses which are not covered under the Management Agreement that may vary and will affect the total level of expenses paid by the Fund, such as taxes and governmental fees, brokerage fees, commissions and other transaction expenses, costs of borrowing money, including interest expenses, certain custody expenses and extraordinary expenses (such as litigation and indemnification expenses). For the avoidance of doubt, extraordinary expenses do not include expenses related to the organization of any subsidiary such as the Subsidiary for the Fund or the ongoing corporate expenses of maintaining such subsidiary.
The Adviser is paid a monthly unitary management fee at an annual rate (stated as a percentage of the average daily net assets of the Fund) of 0.98%. Under the unitary fee arrangement, the Adviser pays all operating expenses of the Fund, except for certain expenses, including but not limited to, interest expenses, taxes, brokerage expenses, future Rule 12b-1 fees (if any), acquired fund fees and expenses, and the management fee payable to the Adviser under the Management Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, extraordinary expenses do not include expenses related to the organization of any subsidiary for the Fund or the ongoing corporate expenses of maintaining such subsidiary.
A discussion regarding the Board of Trustees’ approval of the Management Agreement with respect to the Fund will be available in the Fund’s next Form N-CSR filing.
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Portfolio Managers
The following individuals are jointly and primarily responsible for the day-to-day management of the Fund’s portfolio: Garrett Paolella (since inception) and Troy Cates (since inception).
Garrett Paolella. Mr. Paolella is a Co-Founder and Managing Partner of the Adviser, with an established background in the asset management industry. Mr. Paolella is also the Chairman of the Trust. Prior to co-founding the Adviser, Mr. Paolella held C-level roles at Harvest Volatility Management, Horizons ETFs Management, and Recon Capital – a firm which he started and later sold to Mirae Asset Global Investments. Prior to those roles, Mr. Paolella was an Executive Director at MKM Partners, a Research, Sales and Trading Firm based in Stamford, CT. Mr. Paolella holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Finance from the Gabelli School of Business at Roger Williams University.
Troy Cates. Mr. Cates is a Co-Founder and Managing Partner of the Adviser with over 23 years of experience in trading and portfolio management. He is the Vice Chairman of the Trust. Prior to co-founding the Adviser, Mr. Cates was Managing Director at Harvest Volatility Management, where he helped manage and trade the firm’s institutional portfolios and ETFs, along with guiding the development of the firm’s exchange-traded products. Before his role at Harvest, Mr. Cates served as Managing Director, Head of Trading, and Portfolio Manager at Horizons ETF Management U.S., Partner and Head of Trading at Recon Capital, Executive Director at MKM Partners, and as a market maker at Spencer Trask. Mr. Cates holds a B.S. in Business Administration from SUNY Albany.
Shareholder Information
Determination of NAV
The NAV per Share for the Fund is computed by dividing the value of the net assets of the Fund (i.e., the value of its total assets less total liabilities) by the total number of Shares outstanding. Expenses and fees, including the management fee, are accrued daily and taken into account for purposes of determining NAV. The NAV of the Fund is determined each business day as of the close of trading (ordinarily 4:00 p.m. Eastern time) on the NYSE. Any assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar are converted into U.S. dollars at the current market rates on the date of valuation as quoted by one or more sources.
The values of the Fund’s portfolio securities are based on the securities’ closing prices on their local principal markets, where available. In the absence of a last reported sales price, or if no sales were reported, and for other assets for which market quotes are not readily available, values may be based on quotes obtained from a quotation reporting system, established market makers or by an outside independent pricing service. Prices obtained by an outside independent pricing service use information provided by market makers or estimates of market values obtained from data related to investments or securities with similar characteristics and may use a computerized grid matrix of securities and its evaluations in determining what it believes is the fair value of the portfolio securities. If a market quotation for a security is not readily available or the Adviser believes it does not otherwise accurately reflect the market value of the security at the time the Fund calculates its NAV, the security will be fair valued by the Adviser, in accordance with the Trust’s valuation policies and procedures approved by the Board of Trustees of the Trust. The Fund may also use fair value pricing in a variety of circumstances, including but not limited to, situations where the value of a security in the Fund’s portfolio has been materially affected by events occurring after the close of the market on which the security is principally traded (such as a corporate action or other news that may materially affect the price of a security) or trading in a security has been suspended or halted. Fair value pricing involves subjective judgments and it is possible that a fair value determination for a security is materially different than the value that could be realized upon the sale of the security. To the extent the Fund invests in securities that are primarily listed on foreign exchanges or other markets that trade on weekends or other days when the Fund does not price its Shares, the value of the Fund’s portfolio securities may change on days when the Fund shareholder will not be able to purchase or sell his or her Shares.
Buying and Selling Exchange-Traded Shares
Authorized Participants
The Fund issues and redeems Shares at NAV only in Creation Units. Only APs may acquire Shares directly from the Fund, and only APs may tender their Shares for redemption directly to the Fund, at NAV. APs must be (i) a broker-dealer or other participant in the clearing process through the Continuous Net Settlement System of the NSCC, a clearing agency that is registered with the SEC; or (ii) a Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) participant (as discussed below). In addition, each AP must execute a Participant Agreement that has been agreed to by the Distributor, and that has been accepted by the Transfer Agent, with respect to purchases and redemptions of Creation Units. Once created, Shares trade in the secondary market in quantities less than a Creation Unit.
An Authorized Participant that is not a “qualified institutional buyer,” as such term is defined under Rule 144A of the Securities Act, will not be able to receive, as part of a redemption, restricted securities eligible for resale under Rule 144A.
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Investors
Individual Fund shares may only be bought and sold in the secondary market through a broker or dealer at a market price. Shares are listed for trading on the secondary market on the Exchange and can be bought and sold throughout the trading day like other publicly traded securities.
When buying or selling Shares through a broker, you will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the bid and the offer price in the secondary market on each leg of a round trip (purchase and sale) transaction. Because the Fund’s shares trade at market prices rather than net asset value, shares may trade at a price greater than net asset value (premium) or less than net asset value (discount). An investor may incur costs attributable to the difference between the highest price a buyer is willing to pay to purchase shares of the Fund (bid) and the lowest price a seller is willing to accept for shares of the Fund (ask) when buying or selling shares in the secondary market (the bid-ask spread). Information on the Fund’s net asset value, market price, premiums and discounts, and bid-ask spreads, is available on the Fund’s website (www.Neosfunds.com).
Book Entry
Shares are held in book-entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued. DTC or its nominee is the record owner of all outstanding Shares.
Investors owning Shares are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all Shares. DTC’s participants include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of Shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates or to have Shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a registered owner of Shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of Shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you hold in book entry or “street name” through your brokerage account.
Continuous Offering
The method by which Creation Units are created and traded may raise certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units are issued and sold by the Trust on an ongoing basis, a “distribution,” as such term is used in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (“Securities Act”), may occur at any point. Broker dealers and other persons are cautioned that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery and liability provisions of the Securities Act.
For example, a broker dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the Transfer Agent, breaks them down into constituent Shares, and sells such Shares directly to customers, or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new Shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market demand for Shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances pertaining to the activities of the broker dealer or its client in the particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a complete description of all the activities that could lead to a categorization as an underwriter.
Broker dealers who are not “underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted to ordinary secondary trading transactions), and thus dealing with Shares that are part of an “unsold allotment” within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C) of the Securities Act, would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. This is because the prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the 1940 Act. As a result, broker dealer firms should note that dealers who are not underwriters but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with ordinary secondary market transactions) and thus dealing with Shares that are part of an overallotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(A) of the Securities Act would be unable to take advantage of the prospectus delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. Firms that incur a prospectus delivery obligation with respect to Shares are reminded that, under Rule 153 of the Securities Act, a prospectus delivery obligation under Section 5(b)(2) of the Securities Act owed to an exchange member in connection with a sale on the Exchange is satisfied by the fact that the prospectus is available at the Exchange upon request. The prospectus delivery mechanism provided in Rule 153 is only available with respect to transactions on an exchange.
In addition, certain affiliates of the Fund and the Adviser may purchase and resell Fund shares pursuant to this Prospectus.
For More Information:
Existing Shareholders or Prospective Investors
NEOS Ethereum High Income ETF
c/o Foreside Fund Services, LLC
190 Middle Street, Suite 301
Portland, Maine 04101
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Dealers
NEOS Ethereum High Income ETF
c/o Foreside Fund Services, LLC
190 Middle Street, Suite 301
Portland, Maine 04101
Distribution and Service Plan
The Board has adopted a Distribution and Service Plan (the “Plan”) pursuant to Rule 12b-1 under the 1940 Act. In accordance with the Plan, the Fund is authorized to pay an amount up to 0.25% of its average daily net assets each year for certain distribution-related activities and shareholder services.
No Rule 12b-1 fees are currently paid by the Fund, and there are no plans to impose these fees. However, in the event Rule 12b-1 fees are charged in the future, because the fees are paid out of the Fund’s assets, over time these fees will increase the cost of your investment and may cost you more than certain other types of sales charges.
Frequent Purchases and Redemptions of Fund Shares
The Board has evaluated the risks of frequent purchases and redemptions of Fund shares (“market timing”) activities by the Fund’s shareholders. The Board noted that Shares can only be purchased and redeemed directly from the Fund in Creation Units by APs and that the vast majority of trading in Shares occurs on the secondary market. Because the secondary market trades do not involve the Fund directly, it is unlikely those trades would cause many of the harmful effects of market timing, including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Fund’s trading costs and the realization of capital gains.
With respect to trades directly with the Fund, to the extent effected in-kind, those trades do not cause any of the harmful effects (as previously noted) that may result from frequent cash trades. To the extent that the Trust allows or requires trades to be effected in whole or in part in cash, the Board noted that those trades could result in dilution to the Fund and increased transaction costs, which could negatively impact the Fund’s ability to achieve its investment objective. However, the Board noted that direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring that Shares trade at or close to NAV. The Fund also employs fair valuation pricing to minimize potential dilution from market timing. The Fund imposes transaction fees on in-kind purchases and redemptions of Shares to cover the custodial and other costs incurred by the Fund in effecting in-kind trades, these fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for securities, reflecting the fact that the Fund’s trading costs increase in those circumstances. Given this structure, the Board determined that it is not necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of Shares.
Distributions
Dividends and Distributions
The Fund intends to qualify each year as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). As a regulated investment company, the Fund generally pays no federal income tax on the income and gains it distributes to you. The Fund expects to declare and distribute all of its net investment income, if any, to shareholders as dividends monthly.
The Fund will distribute net realized capital gains, if any, at least annually. The Fund may distribute such income dividends and capital gains more frequently, if necessary, in order to reduce or eliminate federal excise or income taxes on the Fund. The amount of any distribution will vary, and there is no guarantee the Fund will pay either an income dividend or a capital gains distribution.
Annual Statements
Each year, you will receive an annual statement (Form 1099) of your account activity to assist you in completing your federal, state and local tax returns. Distributions declared in December to shareholders of record in such month, but paid in January, are taxable as if they were paid in December. The Fund make every effort to search for reclassified income to reduce the number of corrected forms mailed to you. However, when necessary, you will receive a corrected Form 1099 to reflect reclassified information.
Avoid “Buying a Dividend”
At the time you purchase your Shares, the price of Shares may reflect undistributed income, undistributed capital gains, or net unrealized appreciation in value of portfolio securities held by the Fund. For taxable investors, a subsequent distribution to you of such amounts, although constituting a return of your investment, would be taxable. Buying Shares in the Fund just before it declares an income dividend or capital gains distribution is sometimes known as “buying a dividend.”
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Dividend Reinvestment Service
Brokers may make available the Depository Trust Company book-entry dividend reinvestment service to their customers who own Fund Shares. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and capital gains will automatically be reinvested in additional whole Shares of the Fund purchased on the secondary market. Without this service, investors would receive their distributions in cash. To determine whether the dividend reinvestment service is available and whether there is a commission or other charge for using this service, consult your broker. Brokers may require Fund shareholders to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole Shares of the Fund purchased in the secondary market.
Tax Information
Tax Considerations
The Fund expects, based on its investment objective and strategies, that its distributions, if any, will be taxable as ordinary income, capital gains, or some combination of both. This is true whether you reinvest your distributions in additional Shares or receive them in cash. For federal income tax purposes, Fund distributions of short-term capital gains are taxable to you as ordinary income. Fund distributions of long-term capital gains are taxable to you as long-term capital gains no matter how long you have owned your Shares. A portion of income dividends reported by the Fund may be qualified dividend income eligible for taxation by individual shareholders at long-term capital gain rates provided certain holding period requirements are met.
As with any investment, you should consider how your Fund investment will be taxed. The tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax consequences of an investment in the Fund, including the possible application of foreign, state and local taxes. Unless your investment in the Fund is through a tax-exempt entity or tax-deferred retirement account, such as a 401(k) plan, you need to be aware of the possible tax consequences when: (i) the Fund makes distributions, (ii) you sell Shares in the secondary market or (iii) you create or redeem Creation Units.
Taxes on Distributions
The Fund intends to distribute, at least monthly, substantially all of its net investment income and any net realized capital gains at least annually. For federal income tax purposes, distributions of investment income are generally taxable as ordinary income or qualified dividend income. Taxes on distributions of capital gains (if any) are determined by how long the Fund owned the investments that generated them, rather than how long a shareholder has owned his or her Shares. Sales of assets held by the Fund for more than one year generally result in long-term capital gains and losses, and sales of assets held by the Fund for one year or less generally result in short-term capital gains and losses. Distributions of the Fund’s net capital gain (the excess of net long-term capital gains over net short-term capital losses) that are reported by the Fund as capital gain dividends (“Capital Gain Dividends”) will be taxable as long-term capital gains, which for non-corporate shareholders are subject to tax at reduced rates of up to 20% (lower rates apply to individuals in lower tax brackets). Distributions of short-term capital gain will generally be taxable as ordinary income. Dividends and distributions are generally taxable to you whether you receive them in cash or reinvest them in additional Shares.
Distributions reported by the Fund as “qualified dividend income” are generally taxed to noncorporate shareholders at rates applicable to long-term capital gains, provided holding period and other requirements are met. “Qualified dividend income” generally is income derived from dividends paid by U.S. corporations or certain foreign corporations that are either incorporated in a U.S. possession or eligible for tax benefits under certain U.S. income tax treaties. In addition, dividends that the Fund received in respect of stock of certain foreign corporations may be qualified dividend income if that stock is readily tradable on an established U.S. securities market.
U.S. individuals with income exceeding specified thresholds are subject to a 3.8% Medicare contribution tax on all or a portion of their “net investment income,” which includes interest, dividends, and certain capital gains (generally including capital gains distributions and capital gains realized on the sale of Shares). This 3.8% tax also applies to all or a portion of the undistributed net investment income of certain shareholders, such as estates and trusts, whose gross income as adjusted or modified for tax purposes exceeds certain threshold amounts.
In general, your distributions are subject to federal income tax for the year in which they are paid. Certain distributions paid in January, however, may be treated as paid on December 31 of the prior year. Distributions are generally taxable even if they are paid from income or gains earned by the Fund before your investment (and thus were included in the Shares’ NAV when you purchased your Shares).
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Distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits are treated as a tax-free return of your investment to the extent of your basis in the Shares, and generally as capital gain thereafter. A return of capital, which for tax purposes is treated as a return of your investment, reduces your basis in Shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition of Shares. While the Fund does not have a specific level of distribution, the Fund seeks to generate monthly income in a tax efficient manner. Under current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, distributions in excess of the Fund’s current and accumulated earnings are treated as a tax-free return of a shareholder’s investment to the extent of the shareholders basis in the Funds shares, and generally as capital gain thereafter. A return of capital, which for tax purposes is treated as a return of a shareholder’s investment, reduces a shareholder’s basis in the Fund’s shares, thus reducing any loss or increasing any gain on a subsequent taxable disposition of Fund shares. A distribution will reduce the Fund’s NAV per Share and may be taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gain even though, from an economic standpoint, the distribution may constitute a return of capital.
Current return of capital estimates for the Fund are available at the website www.neosfunds.com under the Fund’s 19a-1 Notices.
Dividends, interest and gains from non-U.S. investments of the Fund may give rise to withholding and other taxes imposed by foreign countries. Tax conventions between certain countries and the United States may, in some cases, reduce or eliminate such taxes.
If you are neither a resident nor a citizen of the United States or if you are a foreign entity, distributions (other than Capital Gain Dividends) paid to you by the Fund will generally be subject to a U.S. withholding tax at the rate of 30% unless a lower treaty rate applies. The Fund may, under certain circumstances, report all or a portion of a dividend as an “interest-related dividend” or a “short-term capital gain dividend,” which would generally be exempt from this 30% U.S. withholding tax, provided certain other requirements are met.
The Fund (or a financial intermediary, such as a broker, through which a shareholder owns Shares) generally is required to withhold and remit to the U.S. Treasury a percentage of the taxable distributions and sale or redemption proceeds paid to any shareholder who fails to properly furnish a correct taxpayer identification number, who has underreported dividend or interest income, or who fails to certify that he, she or it is not subject to such withholding.
Shortly after the close of each calendar year, you will be informed of the character of any distributions received from the Fund.
Taxes When Shares are Sold on the Exchange
Any capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of Shares generally is treated as a long-term capital gain or loss if Shares have been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if Shares have been held for one year or less. However, any capital loss on a sale of Shares held for six months or less is treated as long-term capital loss to the extent of Capital Gain Dividends paid with respect to such Shares. The ability to deduct capital losses may be limited.
Taxes on Purchases and Redemptions of Creation Units
An Authorized Participant having the U.S. dollar as its functional currency for U.S. federal income tax purposes who exchanges securities for Creation Units generally recognizes a gain or a loss. The gain or loss will be equal to the difference between the value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the exchanging Authorized Participant’s aggregate basis in the securities delivered plus the amount of any cash paid for the Creation Units. An Authorized Participant who exchanges Creation Units for securities will generally recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the exchanging Authorized Participant’s basis in the Creation Units and the aggregate U.S. dollar market value of the securities received, plus any cash received for such Creation Units. The Internal Revenue Service may assert, however, that a loss that is realized upon an exchange of securities for Creation Units may not be currently deducted under the rules governing “wash sales” (for an Authorized Participant who does not mark-to-market their holdings), or on the basis that there has been no significant change in economic position. Persons exchanging securities should consult their own tax advisor with respect to whether wash sale rules apply and when a loss might be deductible.
Any capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of Creation Units is generally treated as long-term capital gain or loss if Shares have been held for more than one year and as a short-term capital gain or loss if Shares have been held for one year or less.
The information in this section “Tax Information” is not intended or written to be used as tax advice. Because everyone’s tax situation is unique, you should consult your tax professional about federal, state, local or foreign tax consequences before making an investment in the Fund.
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Financial Highlights
The financial highlights tables are intended to help you understand the financial performance of the Fund since its inception. Certain information reflects financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the table represent the rate that an investor would have earned (or lost) on an investment in the Fund (assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions). The information for the fiscal period ended December 31, 2025, has been audited by the Fund’s independent registered public accounting firm, Cohen & Company, Ltd., whose report, along with the Fund’s financial statements, are included in the Fund’s annual report dated December 31, 2025, which is available upon request.
| Financial Highlights | NEOS Ethereum High Income ETF Consolidated Financial Highlights |
| Period Ended | ||||
| December 31, 2025(a) | ||||
| PER SHARE DATA: | ||||
| Net asset value, beginning of period | $ | 50.00 | ||
| INVESTMENT OPERATIONS: | ||||
| Net investment income(b) | 0.08 | |||
| Net realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments(c) | 0.27 | |||
| Total from investment operations | 0.35 | |||
| LESS DISTRIBUTIONS FROM: | ||||
| Net investment income | (0.05 | ) | ||
| Net realized gains | (0.29 | ) | ||
| Return of capital | (1.07 | ) | ||
| Total distributions | (1.41 | ) | ||
| Net asset value, end of period | $ | 48.94 | ||
| Total return(d) | 0.74 | % | ||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DATA AND RATIOS:(e) | ||||
| Net assets, end of period (in thousands) | $ | 12,726 | ||
| Ratio of expenses to average net assets(f) | 0.98 | % | ||
| Ratio of net investment income (loss) to average net assets(f) | 2.05 | % | ||
| Portfolio turnover rate(d)(g) | 0 | % | ||
| (a) | Inception date of the Fund was December 3, 2025. |
| (b) | Net investment income per share has been calculated based on average shares outstanding during the period. |
| (c) | Realized and unrealized gains and losses per share in the caption are balancing amounts necessary to reconcile the change in net asset value per share for the periods, and may not reconcile with the aggregate gains and losses in the Statement of Operations due to share transactions for the periods. |
| (d) | Not annualized for periods less than one year. |
| (e) | These ratios exclude the impact of expenses of the underlying exchange traded funds as represented in the Schedule of Investments. Recognition of net investment income by the Fund is affected by the timing of the declaration of dividends of the underlying exchange traded funds in which the Fund invests. |
| (f) | Annualized for periods less than one year. |
| (g) | Portfolio turnover rate excludes in-kind transactions. |
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Premium/Discount Information
Information regarding how often Shares of the Fund traded on the Exchange at a price above (i.e., at a premium) or below (i.e., at a discount) the NAV of the Fund during the past four calendar quarters, or since inception, as applicable, can be found at the Fund’s website at www.neosfunds.com.
| Investment Adviser | Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm |
|
NEOS Investment Management, LLC 13 Riverside Avenue Westport, CT 06880 |
Cohen & Company, Ltd. 1835 Market Street, Suite 310 Philadelphia, PA 19103 |
| Custodian | Transfer Agent |
|
U.S. Bank, N.A. 1555 N. Rivercenter Drive, MK-WI-S302 Milwaukee, WI 53212 |
U.S. Bancorp Fund Services, LLC 615 East Michigan Street Milwaukee, WI 53202 |
| Distributor | Legal Counsel |
|
Foreside Fund Services, LLC 190 Middle Street, Suite 301 Portland, Maine 04101 |
Thompson Hine LLP 1919 M Street, N.W., Suite 700 Washington D.C., 20036 |
Disclaimers
Shares of the Fund are not sponsored, endorsed, or promoted by the Exchange. The Exchange makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, to the owners of the Shares of the Fund. The Exchange is not responsible for, nor has it participated in, the determination of the timing of, prices of, or quantities of the Shares of the Fund to be issued, or in the determination or calculation of the equation by which the Shares are redeemable. The Exchange has no obligation or liability to owners of the Shares of the Fund in connection with the administration, marketing, or trading of the Shares of the Fund. Without limiting any of the foregoing, in no event shall the Exchange have any liability for any lost profits or indirect, punitive, special, or consequential damages even if notified of the possibility thereof.
Additional Information
This Prospectus does not contain all the information included in the Registration Statement filed with the SEC with respect to the Fund’s Shares. Information about the Fund can be reviewed on the EDGAR database at the SEC’s website (http://www.sec.gov), and copies may be obtained, after paying a duplicating fee, by electronic request at the following email address: [email protected]. The SAI for the Fund, which has been filed with the SEC, provides more information about the Fund. The SAI is incorporated herein by reference and is legally part of this Prospectus. Additional information about the Fund’s investments will be available in the Fund’s annual and semi-annual reports to shareholders. In the Fund’s annual report, when available, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment strategies that significantly affected the Fund’s performance during its last fiscal year. These documents and other information concerning the Trust also may be inspected at 13 Riverside Ave, Westport, CT 06880. You can also obtain information about the Fund by calling at no cost 833-833-1311.
Investment Company Act file no. 811-23645.
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