ck0001771146-20260428
TAPPALPHA
S&P 500 GROWTH & DAILY INCOME ETF
TAPPALPHA
INNOVATION 100 GROWTH & DAILY INCOME ETF
PROSPECTUS
May 1, 2026
This
prospectus describes the TappAlpha S&P 500
Growth
& Daily Income ETF and TappAlpha Innovation 100
Growth
& Daily Income ETF (each a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”) which are
authorized to offer one class of shares by this prospectus.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Fund |
Ticker |
Principal
U.S. Listing
Exchange |
|
TappAlpha
S&P 500 Growth & Daily Income ETF |
TSPY
|
NASDAQ
Stock Market® |
|
TappAlpha
Innovation 100 Growth & Daily Income ETF |
TDAQ |
Cboe
BZX Exchange, Inc. |
The
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) has not approved or disapproved
these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this Prospectus. Any
representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Table
of Contents
TAPPALPHA S&P 500
GROWTH & DAILY INCOME ETF
IMPORTANT
INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND
Investment
Objective
The
TappAlpha S&P 500 Growth & Daily Income ETF (the “Fund”) seeks current
income while maintaining prospects for capital appreciation. The Fund’s
secondary investment objective is to seek exposure to the performance of the
S&P 500® Index.
Fees and Expenses of the
Fund
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
This
table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold
and sell shares of the Fund. You
may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to
financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table and example
below.
Annual
Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses
that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your
investment) |
|
Management
Fee(1) |
0.68% |
|
Other
Expenses |
0.00% |
| Acquired
Fund Fees and Expenses |
0.09% |
| Total
Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.77% |
(1)Under
the Investment Advisory Agreement, Tapp Finance, Inc., d/b/a TappAlpha (the
“Adviser”), at its own expense and without reimbursement from the Fund, pays all
of the expenses of the Fund, excluding the advisory fees, interest expenses,
taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage commissions and any other
portfolio transaction-related expenses and fees arising out of transactions
effected on behalf of the Fund, credit facility fees and expenses, including
interest expenses, and litigation and indemnification expenses and other
extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s
business.
Example
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing
in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that
you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then hold or
redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes
that your investment has a five percent (5%) return each year and that the
Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your
actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would
be:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| Name
of Fund |
1
Year |
3
Years |
5
Years |
10
Years |
|
TappAlpha
S&P 500 Growth & Daily Income ETF |
$79 |
$246 |
$428 |
$954 |
Portfolio
Turnover
The
Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells
securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may
indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund
shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in
annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.
As of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the Fund’s portfolio turnover
rate was 0.00% of the average value of its
portfolio.
Principal Investment
Strategies
The
Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve
its investment objectives through the use of a call option strategy that
combines a long position in one or more exchange-traded funds (“ETFs”) that
provide exposure to the S&P 500® Index (such as SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust
(“SPY”) and/or Vanguard S&P 500 ETF
(“VOO”)),
with short positions in certain call options. The strategy is a daily covered
call option strategy that sells “out of the money” call options with zero days
to expiration each day, known as a “daily call”. Daily call options having zero
days to expiration are also known as “0DTE” options. In general, an option is a
contract that gives the purchaser of the option, in return for a premium, the
right to buy from the seller (writer) of the option the security underlying the
option at a specified exercise price (the “strike price”) at a specified
expiration date.
Through
this call option strategy, the Fund sells or “writes” exchange-traded call
options to generate income from option premiums. These may include but are not
limited to selling call options on SPY and/or VOO, or selling call options on
the S&P 500® Index (“SPX”) or selling Cboe Mini-SPX Index call options
(“XSP”). XSP options are designed to track the S&P 500 ® Index but trade at
a smaller size compared to a standard SPX options contract.
The
Fund will receive premium income for each call option sold. The expiration dates
at the time of purchase for the Fund’s sold call options will range from the
same day to one week. While the Fund expects to primarily invest in daily or
0DTE call options, the Fund may use options expiring weekly or purchase put
options to accommodate defensive actions, if needed to prevent against a loss of
premium or a capital loss. The Fund may also implement multi-leg option
strategies such as credit spreads as defensive actions during periods of
heightened market volatility. Multi-leg option strategies involve selling a call
option while buying another call option at a different strike price on the same
underlying and with the same expiration date. Compared to a similar strategy
using monthly call options, a strategy using daily call options provides a
higher income potential and a more stable income level in volatile markets. The
Fund’s use of daily or 0DTE call options provides a higher likelihood of
participating more closely in the capital performance of the underlying security
as compared to covered call strategies with longer time horizons. However, it is
important to note that the sale of these call options to generate income will
limit the Fund’s ability to participate in increases in value of the Fund's
S&P 500® exposure beyond a certain point. If the value of the Fund's S&P
500® exposure increases, the above-referenced long exposure would allow the Fund
to experience similar percentage gains. However, if the applicable ETF or index
underlying the written call options appreciates in value beyond the strike price
of the call option contracts that the Fund has sold to generate income, the Fund
will lose money on those short call positions, and the losses will, in turn,
limit the upside return of the Fund’s long exposure. As a result, the Fund’s
overall strategy (i.e., the combination of the long exposure to ETFs providing
S&P 500® Index exposure and the sold 0DTE call positions) will limit the
Fund’s participation in gains of its S&P 500® exposure beyond a certain
point. This strategy effectively converts a portion of the potential upside
price return growth of the Fund’s S&P 500® exposure into current
income.
To
implement the Fund’s investment strategy, at the beginning of each trading day,
the Adviser sells “out-of-the-money” same day call options on SPY, VOO, SPX or
XSP between 0% and 5% “out of the money” at the time of purchase. The strike
price of an option is the price at which the underlying security can be bought
or sold. The difference between the option’s strike price and the price of the
underlying security determines if an option is “out of the money” or “in the
money”. A call option is “out of the money” if the strike price of the option is
higher than the current price of the underlying security. A call option is “in
the money” if the strike price of the option is lower than the current price of
the underlying security. At the expiration date, if the option is
“in-the-money”, the buyer will typically exercise the option,
benefiting from the ability to purchase the underlying security from the
seller at a price lower than the current market price. If the option is
“out-of-the-money”, the option likely will not be exercised, benefiting the
seller who retains the underlying security. The tradeoff with respect to
purchasing same day call options between 0% and 5% “out of the money” is, the
closer the option position to the price of the underlying security, the larger
the option premium, but the lower the cap is set to participate in the capital
appreciation of the underlying security. The higher it is set, the less
income is generated from premiums, but the higher the ceiling is to participate
in the capital appreciation of the underlying security.
With
respect to the Fund’s covered call options, the Adviser covers up to 100% of the
notional value of the underlying security. However, the Fund’s notional exposure
will drift during each trading day. The notional value of the options will not
be permitted to deviate with respect to the underlying security by plus or minus
more than 5% at the end of each trading day. The Fund may reallocate its
portfolio at the end of each trading day. That is, the Fund may allow each day’s
options to expire and then settle them in cash. The Fund may also close an
options position before its expiration at the end of a trading day if the
Adviser believes the option has yielded a majority of its potential return, and
then open another option that expires the same day to generate additional
premium, or to roll the option to prevent its expiry in the money.
The
long component of the strategy consists of investments in one or more
exchange-traded funds that provide exposure to the S&P 500® Index, including
SPDR® S&P 500® ETF Trust (“SPY”) and Vanguard S&P 500 ETF (“VOO”). SPY
and VOO are not actively managed and each holds a portfolio of common stocks
that are included in the S&P 500® Index with the weight of each stock
substantially corresponding to the weight of such stock in the Index. The Fund
is designed to provide investors with exposure to the performance
associated with the S&P 500® Index through such ETFs, subject to a limit on
potential gains, while providing incremental income. The Fund may allocate up to
100% of its long equity exposure to SPY, VOO, or any combination thereof, in the
Adviser’s discretion. The Fund is managed in a way that seeks, under normal
circumstances, to provide monthly distributions from a stream of income
based on call options premiums received. There is no guarantee, however, that
the Fund will make a distribution in any given month, and the amounts of the
distribution may vary greatly from one distribution to the next. Under normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its
net assets, plus the amount of borrowings for investment purposes, in financial
instruments and economic interests, including through direct investments in
equity securities, that provide exposure to the S&P 500®
Index. “Assets” means net assets plus the amount of
borrowings for investment purposes.
The
Fund will also hold short-term U.S. Treasury securities as collateral in
connection with the Fund's options strategy and to generate income. The income
generated by these securities will be influenced by interest rates at the time
of investment. Further income, in the form of option premiums received from
sales of call options, will be primarily influenced by the volatility of the
Index’s value, although other factors, including interest rates, will also
impact the level of income.
Investment
Process:
In managing the equity portion of the Fund’s portfolio, the Adviser has
developed a unique approach to daily “out-of-the-money” covered call options
strategy, powered by the Adviser’s proprietary research process.
In
pursuing the Fund’s investment strategy, the Adviser considers a number of
criteria including:
●Income
Generation:
The Adviser’s technology identifies the optimal strike price daily, factoring in
market volatility, historical data, planned market events, and other dynamic
parameters. This approach not only increases the potential for consistent,
additive income generation but also retains the opportunity for capital
appreciation.
●Maximized
Theta Decay:
By writing call options at the beginning of each trading day that expire the
same day, the Adviser seeks to capitalize on the rapid time decay of the
options. This refers to the circumstance in which the extrinsic value of
an option (the difference between the market price of an option and its
intrinsic value) diminishes as it approaches its expiration date, all else being
equal. Out-of-the-money options expiring the same day are less likely to end up
in-the-money at expiration than longer-term options. A shift into in-the-money
option positions means the strike price of the option is lower than the price of
the underlying security in which case the Fund could incur a loss. Options
expiring in one week are not designed to maximize theta decay.
●Reduced
Time Risk:
By focusing on options with short-term expirations (that is one day), the
Adviser seeks to minimize the chances that the intrinsic value of the option
(the difference between an option’s strike price and the underlying asset’s
price) adversely affect the option's value.
●Flexibility:
As market conditions change, the Adviser will adjust its position daily to
re-align with the underlying security ’s price trajectory. This approach offers
the best chance to participate in both the underlying security's performance and
the simultaneous harvesting of daily options premiums.
The
Fund’s investment strategies may involve active and frequent trading
resulting in high portfolio turnover.
An
investment in the Fund is not an investment in SPY, VOO, or the S&P 500®
Index, nor is the Fund a traditionally passively managed index fund. The Fund
does not invest directly in the S&P 500® Index or in any companies that
comprise the Index. Neither the Fund nor any of its affiliates makes any
representation to you as to the performance of the S&P 500® Index.
The
Fund, Trust, Adviser, and Sub-Adviser are not affiliated with nor endorsed by
SPY, VOO, or the S&P 500® Index.
Index
Overview:
The S&P 500® Index is a widely recognized benchmark index that tracks the
performance of 500 of the largest U.S.- based companies listed on the New York
Stock Exchange or Nasdaq. These companies represent approximately 80% of the
total U.S. equities market by capitalization, making it a large-cap index. The
S&P 500® Index includes 500 selected companies, all of which are listed on
national stock exchanges and spans a broad range of major sectors. The five
largest sectors in the Index as of December 31, 2025 were Information
Technology, Financials, Healthcare, Consumer Discretionary and Industrials. This
distribution can vary over time as the market value of these sectors change.
Regarding volatility, the S&P 500® Index, like all market indices, has
experienced periods of significant daily price movements. However, the specific
degree of volatility can vary and is subject to change based on overall market
conditions. Despite these periods of volatility, the Index has shown long-term
growth over its history.
Principal
Risks
The
principal risks affecting shareholders’ investments in the Fund including the
risks of the investment strategies of the Index are set forth below.
An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured
or guaranteed by the FDIC or any government agency.
The Fund’s Shares will change in value, and you could lose money
by investing in the Fund. The Fund may not achieve its
investment objectives.
Referenced
Index Risk. The
Fund invests in options contracts that are based on the value of the Index,
including SPX and XSP options. This subjects the Fund to certain of the same
risks as if it owned shares of companies that comprised the Index, even though
it does not own shares of companies in the Index. The Fund will have exposure to
declines in the Index. The Fund is subject to potential losses if the Index
loses value, which may not be offset by income received by the Fund. By virtue
of the Fund’s investments in options contracts that are based on the value of
the Index, the Fund may also be subject to the following risks:
Indirect
Investment Risk. The Index is not affiliated with the Trust, the Fund, the Adviser,
the Sub-Adviser, or their respective affiliates and is not involved with this
offering in any way. Investors in the Fund will not have the right to receive
dividends or other distributions or any other rights with respect to the
companies that comprise the Index but will be subject to declines in the
performance of the Index.
Index
Trading Risk.
The trading price of the Index may be highly volatile and could continue to be
subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors. The stock market in
general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often
been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of
companies.
S&P
500® Index Risk.
The Index, which includes a broad swath of large U.S. companies, is primarily
exposed to overall economic and market conditions. Recession, inflation, and
changes in interest rates can significantly impact the index’s performance.
Furthermore, despite its diverse representation, a downturn in a major sector
such as technology or financials could notably affect the Index. Geopolitical
risks and unexpected global events, like pandemics, can introduce volatility and
uncertainty.
Equity
Market Risk. The
price of equity securities may rise or fall because of changes in the broad
market or changes in a company’s financial condition, sometimes rapidly or
unpredictably. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, sectors or industries selected for
the Fund’s portfolio or the securities market as a whole, such
as changes in economic or political conditions. When the value of the
Fund’s portfolio securities goes down, your investment in the Fund
decreases in value.
General
Market Risk. Economies
and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly
interconnected, which increases the likelihood that events or conditions in
one country or region will adversely impact markets or issuers
in other countries or regions. Securities in the Fund’s portfolio
may underperform in comparison to securities in general
financial markets, a particular financial market or other asset classes
due to a number of factors, including inflation (or expectations
for inflation), deflation (or expectations for deflation),
interest rates, global demand
for
particular products or resources, market instability, financial system
instability, debt crises and downgrades, embargoes, tariffs, sanctions and
other trade barriers, regulatory events, other governmental trade or
market control programs and related geopolitical events. In
addition, the value of the Fund’s investments may be negatively
affected by the occurrence of global events such as war,
terrorism, environmental disasters, natural disasters or events,
country instability, and infectious disease epidemics or
pandemics.
Covered
Call Options Strategy Risk. When the Fund sells call options, it receives cash but limits
its opportunity to profit from an increase in the market value of the
underlying security prior to the expiration of the options. The maximum
potential gain on the underlying security will be equal to the
difference between the strike price and the purchase price of
the underlying security at the time the option is written, plus
the premium received. In a rising market, the option may require
the underlying security to be sold at an exercise price that is lower
than would be received if the underlying security was sold at the market
price. The Fund realizes a gain in the amount of the premium received, but
because there may have been a decline (unrealized loss) in the market value
of the underlying security during the option period, the unrealized loss
realized may exceed such gain. If the underlying security declines by more
than the option premium the Fund receives, there will be a loss on the
overall position. For the Fund in particular, the value of the options contracts
in which it invests are substantially influenced S&P 500® Index and/or the
ETF underlying the written option.
Spread
Strategy Risk.
The Fund may engage in option spread strategies, such as credit spreads, in
which it simultaneously buys and sells options on the same underlying asset.
While these strategies can be used to manage risk or increase income, they also
introduce additional complexities and may limit potential gains or exacerbate
losses if not executed as intended. In certain market conditions, such
strategies may underperform or fail to mitigate downside exposure as
expected.
Counterparty
Risk.
The Fund is subject to counterparty risk by virtue of its investments in options
contracts. Transactions in some types of derivatives, including options, are
required to be centrally cleared (“cleared derivatives”). In cleared derivatives
positions, the Fund will make payments (including margin payments) to and
receive payments from a clearing house through their accounts at clearing
members. The Fund is subject to the risk that a limited number of clearing
members are willing to transact on the Fund’s behalf, which heightens the risks
associated with a clearing member’s default. This risk is greater for the Fund
as it seeks to hold options contracts on a single security, and not a broader
range of options contracts, which may limit the number of clearing members that
are willing to transact on the Fund’s behalf. If a clearing member defaults the
Fund could lose some or all of the benefits of a transaction entered into by the
Fund with the clearing member. If the Fund cannot find a clearing member to
transact with on the Fund’s behalf, the Fund may be unable to effectively
implement its investment strategy.
Other
Investment Companies Risk: To
the extent that the Fund invests in other ETFs or investment companies, the
value of an investment in the Fund is based on the performance of the underlying
funds in which the Fund invests and the allocation of its assets among those
ETFs or investment companies. The underlying ETFs and investment companies may
change their investment goals, policies or practices and there can be no
assurance that the underlying ETFs or investment companies will achieve their
respective investment goals. Because the Fund invests in ETFs and other
investment companies, shareholders indirectly bear a proportionate share of the
expenses charged by the underlying funds in which it invests which impacts the
Fund’s performance. The principal risks of an investment in the Fund include the
principal risks of investing in the underlying ETFs and investment
companies.
The
Fund is exposed to the risks of the underlying ETFs and investment companies in
which it invests in direct proportion to the amount of assets the Fund allocates
to each underlying fund. One underlying fund may buy the same security that
another underlying fund is selling. You would indirectly bear the costs of both
trades. In addition, you may receive taxable gains from portfolio transactions
by the underlying funds, as well as taxable gains from the Fund’s transactions
in shares of the underlying funds. The Fund’s ability to achieve its investment
goal depends, in part, upon the- Adviser’s skill in selecting an optimal mix of
underlying funds.
Distribution
Risk. As
part of the Fund’s investment objective, the Fund seeks to provide current
monthly income. There is no assurance that the Fund will make a distribution in
any given month. If the Fund does make distributions, the amounts of such
distributions will likely vary greatly from one distribution to the next.
Additionally, the monthly
distributions,
if any, may consist of returns of capital, which would decrease the Fund’s NAV
and trading price over time. As a result, an investor may suffer significant
losses to their investment.
U.S.
Government and U.S. Agency Obligations Risk.
The Fund may invest in securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies
or instrumentalities. U.S. Government obligations include securities issued or
guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities, such as the U.S. Treasury. Payment of principal and interest
on U.S. Government obligations may be backed by the full faith and credit of the
United States or may be backed solely by the issuing or guaranteeing agency or
instrumentality itself. In the latter case, the investor must look principally
to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for
ultimate repayment, which agency or instrumentality may be privately owned.
There can be no assurance that the U.S. Government would provide financial
support to its agencies or instrumentalities (including government-sponsored
enterprises) where it is not obligated to do so.
ETF
Risks.
The Fund is an exchange-traded fund, and, as a result of an ETF’s structure, it
is exposed to the following risks:
●Authorized
Participants, Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Limitation
Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act
as Authorized Participants (“APs”). In addition, there may be a limited number
of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent
either of the following events occur, shares of the Fund (“Shares”) may trade at
a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the
business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders
and no other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers
and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their
business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their
functions.
●Cash
Redemption Risk.
The Fund’s investment strategy may require it to redeem Shares for cash or to
otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be
required to sell or unwind portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to
distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize a capital
gain that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a
result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if
the in-kind redemption process was used.
●Costs
of Buying or Selling Shares.
Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions
imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may
significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be
advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small
investments.
●Shares
May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary
market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares
will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of
Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day
(discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market
volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility and volatility
in the Fund’s portfolio holdings, periods of steep market declines, and periods
when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in
which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. If an investor
purchases Shares at a time when the market price is at a premium to the NAV of
the Shares or sells at a time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV
of the Shares, then the investor may sustain losses that are in addition to any
losses caused by a decrease in NAV.
●Trading.
Although Shares are listed for trading on a national securities exchange, and
may be traded on other U.S. exchanges, there can be no assurance that Shares
will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market
conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of the
Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid
than Fund Shares.
Non-Diversification
Risk. The
Fund is classified as “non-diversified” under the 1940 Act. As a result, the
Fund is only limited as to the percentage of its assets which may be invested in
the securities of any one issuer by the diversification requirements imposed by
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). A decline in the
value of an
investment
in a single issuer could cause a Fund’s overall value to decline to a greater
degree than if the Fund held a more diversified portfolio. The Fund seeks to
achieve its investment objective by entering into one or more options contracts.
The Fund may invest a relatively high percentage of its assets in a limited
number of issuers and/or in options contracts with a single counterparty or a
few counterparties. As a result, the Fund may experience increased volatility
and be more susceptible to a single economic or regulatory occurrence affecting
one or more of these issuers and/or
counterparties.
Investment
Risks of Investing in S&P 500® ETFs
The
risks with respect to S&P 500® ETFs investment strategies are as
follows:
Passive
Strategy/Index Risk. SPY
and VOO are not actively managed. Rather, SPY and VOO attempt to track the
performance of an unmanaged index of securities. This differs from an actively
managed fund, which typically seeks to outperform a benchmark index. As a
result, SPY and VOO will hold constituent securities of the Index regardless of
the current or projected performance of a specific security or a particular
industry or market sector. Maintaining investments in securities regardless of
market conditions or the performance of individual securities could cause SPY’s
and/or VOO's return to be lower than if they employed an active
strategy.
Index
Tracking Risk. While
SPY and VOO are intended to track the performance of the S&P 500® Index (the
“Index”) as closely as possible (i.e., to achieve
a high degree of correlation with the Index), SPY and VOO’s return may not match
or achieve a high degree of correlation with the return of the Index due to
expenses and transaction costs incurred in adjusting the Portfolio. In addition,
it is possible that SPY and VOO may not always fully replicate the performance
of the Index due to the unavailability of certain Index Securities in the
secondary market or due to other extraordinary circumstances (e.g.,
if trading in a security has been halted).
Equity
Investing and Market Risk. An
investment in SPY and/or VOO involves risks similar to those of investing in any
fund of equity securities, such as market fluctuations caused by such factors as
economic and political developments, changes in interest rates, perceived trends
in securities prices, war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious disease
or other public health issues. Local, regional or global events such as war,
acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious disease or other public health
issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on SPY
and/or VOO and its investments and could result in increased premiums or
discounts to their net asset value.
An
investment in SPY and/or VOO is subject to the risks of any investment in a
broadly based portfolio of equity securities, including the risk that the
general level of stock prices may decline, thereby adversely affecting the value
of such investment. The value of SPY or VOO's portfolio securities may fluctuate
in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of
portfolio securities, the value of equity securities generally and other
factors. The identity and weighting of Index Securities and the portfolio
securities change from time to time.
The
financial condition of issuers of SPY or VOO's portfolio securities may become
impaired or the general condition of the stock market may deteriorate, either of
which may cause a decrease in the value of SPY and/or VOO thus in the value of
its shares. Since SPY is not actively managed, the adverse financial condition
of an issuer will not result in its elimination from the portfolio unless such
issuer is removed from the Index. Equity securities are susceptible to general
stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as
market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change.
There
can be no assurance that the issuers of portfolio securities will pay dividends.
Distributions generally depend upon the declaration of dividends by the issuers
of portfolio securities, and the declaration of such dividends generally depends
upon various factors, including the financial condition of the issuers and
general economic conditions.
Performance
History
The bar chart and
table below provide some indication of the risks of investing in the
Fund. The bar chart
shows the Fund’s changes in performance from year to year, and the table shows
how the Fund’s average annual returns for the periods indicated compare with
those of a broad measure of market performance. Investors should be aware that past
performance (before and after taxes) is not necessarily an indication
of how the Fund will perform in the future.
Updated
performance information for the Fund, including its current NAV per share, is
available by calling toll-free (844)
403-2888.
Annual Total Returns
(calendar years ended 12/31)
During
the period shown, the highest quarterly return
was 8.54% (quarter ended September 30,2025)
and the lowest quarterly return
was -3.44% (quarter ended March 31,
2025).
Average Annual
Returns for Periods Ended December 31, 2025
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
| One
Year |
Since
Inception(1) |
| Return
Before Taxes |
17.27% |
18.69% |
| Return
After-Taxes on Distributions |
16.84% |
18.15% |
| Return
After-Taxes on Distributions and Sale of Fund
Shares |
10.51% |
14.06% |
| S&P 500
Total Return Index |
17.88% |
18.07% |
(1)
The
Fund commenced operations on August 15, 2024.
Investment
Adviser and Sub-Adviser
Tapp
Finance, Inc., d/b/a TappAlpha (the “Adviser”) is the investment adviser to the
Fund.
Tuttle
Capital Management, LLC (the “Sub-Adviser”) is the sub-adviser to the
Fund.
Portfolio
Manager
Si
Katara, Portfolio Manager of the Adviser, has served as the Fund’s portfolio
manager since its inception in August 2024.
Purchase
and Sale of Fund Shares
The
Fund will issue (or redeem) shares to certain institutional investors (typically
market makers or other broker-dealers)
only
in large blocks of at least 10,000 shares known as “Creation Units.” Creation
Unit transactions are typically conducted in exchange for the deposit or
delivery of in-kind securities and/or cash. Individual shares may only be
purchased and sold on a national securities exchange through a broker-dealer.
You can purchase and sell individual shares of the Fund throughout the trading
day like any publicly traded security. The Fund’s shares are listed on the
Exchange (i.e.,
NASDAQ Stock Market®). The price of the Fund’s shares is based on market price,
and because exchange-traded fund shares trade at market prices rather than NAV,
shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than NAV
(discount). When buying or selling shares through a broker, most investors will
incur customary brokerage commissions and charges and you may pay some or all of
the spread between the bid and the offered prices in the secondary market for
shares. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, the Fund’s shares are not
redeemable securities. Recent information regarding the Fund, including its NAV,
market price, premiums and discounts, and bid/ask spreads, is available on the
Fund’s website at www.tappalphafunds.com.
Tax
Information
The
Fund’s distributions, if taxable, will be taxed as ordinary income or capital
gain, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a
401(k) plan or an individual retirement account, in which case withdrawals from
such arrangements generally will be taxed.
Payments
to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If
you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial
intermediary (e.g.,
a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the
sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict
of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and
your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your
salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more
information.
TAPPALPHA INNOVATION 100
GROWTH & DAILY INCOME ETF
IMPORTANT
INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUND
Investment
Objective
The
TappAlpha Innovation 100 Growth & Daily Income ETF (the “Fund”) seeks
current income while maintaining prospects for capital appreciation. The Fund’s
secondary investment objective is to seek exposure to the performance of the
NASDAQ-100® Index, through investment in one or more exchange-traded funds that
track the NASDAQ-100® Index and/or through direct investment in some or all of
the equity securities that comprise the NASDAQ-100®
Index.
Fees and Expenses of the
Fund
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
This
table describes the fees and expenses that you may pay if you buy, hold
and sell shares of the Fund. You
may pay other fees, such as brokerage commissions and other fees to
financial intermediaries, which are not reflected in the table and example
below.
Annual
Fund Operating Expenses
(expenses
that you pay each year as a percentage of the value of your
investment) |
|
Management
Fee(1) |
0.68 |
% |
|
Other
Expenses |
— |
% |
| Acquired
Fund Fees and Expenses |
0.15 |
% |
| Total
Annual Fund Operating Expenses |
0.83 |
% |
(1)Under
the Investment Advisory Agreement, Tapp Finance, Inc., d/b/a TappAlpha (the
“Adviser”), at its own expense and without reimbursement from the Fund, pays all
of the expenses of the Fund, excluding the advisory fees, interest expenses,
taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage commissions and any other
portfolio transaction-related expenses and fees arising out of transactions
effected on behalf of the Fund, credit facility fees and expenses, including
interest expenses, and litigation and indemnification expenses and other
extraordinary expenses not incurred in the ordinary course of the Fund’s
business.
Example
This example is intended to help you compare the cost of investing
in the Fund with the cost of investing in other funds. The example assumes that
you invest $10,000 in the Fund for the time periods indicated and then hold or
redeem all of your shares at the end of those periods. The example also assumes
that your investment has a five percent (5%) return each year and that the
Fund’s operating expenses remain the same. Although your
actual costs may be higher or lower, based on these assumptions your costs would
be:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| Name
of Fund |
1
Year |
3
Years |
5
Years |
10
Years |
|
TappAlpha
Innovation 100 Growth & Daily Income ETF |
$85 |
$265 |
$460 |
$1,025 |
Portfolio
Turnover
The
Fund pays transaction costs, such as commissions, when it buys and sells
securities (or “turns over” its portfolio). A higher portfolio turnover rate may
indicate higher transaction costs and may result in higher taxes when Fund
shares are held in a taxable account. These costs, which are not reflected in
annual fund operating expenses or in the example, affect the Fund’s performance.
For the period September 4, 2025 (commencement of operations) to December 31,
2025, the Fund's portfolio turnover rate was 1.59% of the average value of its
portfolio.
Principal Investment
Strategies
The
Fund is an actively managed exchange-traded fund (“ETF”) that seeks to achieve
its investment objectives through the use of a call option strategy that
combines a long position in one or more exchange-traded products that seek to
track
the performance of the NASDAQ-100® Index (the “Index”), including Invesco QQQ
Trust (“QQQ”), Invesco NASDAQ 100 ETF (“QQQM”), or other ETFs that provide
substantially similar exposure to the Index, with short positions in certain
call options. The strategy is a daily covered call option strategy that sells
“out of the money” call options with zero days to expiration each day, known as
a “daily call”. Daily call options having zero days to expiration are also known
as “0DTE” options. In general, an option is a contract that gives the purchaser
of the option, in return for a premium, the right to buy from the seller
(writer) of the option the security underlying the option at a specified
exercise price (the “strike price”) at a specified expiration date. Through this
call option strategy, the Fund sells or “writes” exchange-traded call options to
generate income from option premiums. These may include but are not limited to
selling call options on QQQ and/or QQQM (or any successor or similar ETF
tracking the Index) or selling call options on the NASDAQ 1000 Micro Index (XND)
and the NASDAQ 1000 Reduced Volatility Index (NQX). The NASDAQ-100 Index is a
modified market capitalization weighted index composed of securities issued by
100 of the largest non-financial companies listed on the NASDAQ Stock Market
(NASDAQ). XND is designed to reflect 1/100 of the full value of the NASDAQ-100
Index. NQX is designed to reflect 1/5 of the full value of the NASDAQ-100 Index.
XND and NQX are appropriate for the Fund’s strategy because they represent a
sub-set of the NASDAQ-100 Index.
The
Fund will receive premium income for each call option sold. The expiration dates
at the time of purchase for the Fund’s sold call options will range from the
same day to one week. While the Fund expects to primarily invest in daily or
0DTE call options, the Fund may use options expiring weekly or purchase put
options to accommodate defensive actions, if needed to prevent against a loss of
premium or a capital loss. The Fund may also implement multi-leg option
strategies such as credit spreads as defensive actions during periods of
heightened market volatility. Multi-leg option strategies involve selling a call
option while buying another call option at a different strike price on the same
underlying and with the same expiration date. Compared to a similar strategy
using monthly call options, a strategy using daily call options provides a
higher income potential and a more stable income level in volatile markets. The
Fund’s use of daily or 0DTE call options provides a higher likelihood of
participating more closely in the capital performance of the underlying security
as compared to covered call strategies with longer time horizons. However, it is
important to note that the sale of these call options to generate income will
limit the Fund’s ability to participate in increases in value of the Fund’s
NASDAQ-100® exposure beyond a certain point. If the value of the Fund’s
NASDAQ-100® exposure increases, the above-referenced long exposure would allow
the Fund to experience similar percentage gains. However, if the applicable ETF
or index underlying the written call options appreciates in value beyond the
strike price of the call option contracts that the Fund has sold to generate
income, the Fund will lose money on those short call positions, and the losses
will, in turn, limit the upside return of the Fund’s long exposure. As a result,
the Fund’s overall strategy (i.e., the combination of the long exposure to one
or more ETFs providing NASDAQ-100® Index exposure and the sold 0DTE call
positions) will limit the Fund’s participation in gains of its NASDAQ-100®
exposure beyond a certain point. This strategy effectively converts a portion of
the potential upside price return growth of the Fund’s NASDAQ-100® exposure into
current income.
To
implement the Fund’s investment strategy, at the beginning of each trading day,
the Adviser sells “out-of-the-money” same day call options on QQQ, QQQM, XND or
NQX between 0% and 5% “out of the money” at the time of purchase. The strike
price of an option is the price at which the underlying security can be bought
or sold. The difference between the option’s strike price and the price of the
underlying security determines if an option is “out of the money” or “in the
money”. A call option is “out of the money” if the strike price of the option is
higher than the current price of the underlying security. A call option is “in
the money” if the strike price of the option is lower than the current price of
the underlying security. At the expiration date, if the option is
“in-the-money”, the buyer typically will exercise the option,
benefiting from the ability to purchase the underlying security from the
seller at a price lower than the current market price. If the option is
“out-of-the-money”, the option likely will not be exercised, benefiting the
seller who retains the underlying security. The trade-off with respect to
purchasing same day call options between 0% and 5% “out of the money” is, the
closer the option position to the price of the underlying security, the larger
the option premium, but the lower the cap is set to participate in the capital
appreciation of the underlying security. The higher it is set, the less
income is generated from premiums, but the higher the ceiling is to participate
in the capital appreciation of the underlying security.
With
respect to the Fund’s covered call options, the Adviser covers the entire
notional value of the underlying security. However, the Fund’s notional exposure
will drift during each trading day. The Fund may reallocate its portfolio at the
end of each trading day. The notional value of the options will not be permitted
to deviate with respect to the underlying security by plus or minus more than
5%. That is, the Fund may allow each day’s options to expire and then
settle
them in cash. The Fund may also close an options position before its expiration
at the end of a trading day if the Adviser believes the option has yielded a
majority of its potential return, and then open another option that expires the
same day to generate additional premium, or to roll the option to prevent its
expiry in the money.
The
long component of the strategy consists of investments in one or more
exchange-traded products that seek to track the performance of the NASDAQ-100®
Index, including QQQ and QQQM. QQQ and QQQM are not actively managed and each
holds a portfolio of stocks that are included in the NASDAQ-100® Index. The Fund
may allocate up to 100% of its long equity exposure to QQQ, QQQM, or any
combination thereof, and may invest in other ETFs that provide substantially
similar exposure to the Index, in the Adviser’s discretion. The Fund is designed
to provide investors with exposure to the performance associated with the
NASDAQ-100® Index, through such ETFs, subject to a limit on potential gains,
while providing incremental income. The Fund is managed in a way that
seeks, under normal circumstances, to provide monthly distributions from a
stream of income based on call option premiums received. There is no guarantee,
however, that the Fund will make a distribution in any given month, and the
amounts of the distribution may vary greatly from one distribution to the next.
Under
normal circumstances, the Fund invests at least 80% of its net assets
in financial instruments and economic interests that provide exposure to
the NASDAQ-100® Index (“80% Investment Policy”). “Assets” means
net assets plus the amount of borrowings for investment purposes.
The
Fund will also hold short-term U.S. Treasury securities as collateral in
connection with the Fund's options strategy and to generate income. The income
generated by these securities will be influenced by interest rates at the time
of investment. Further income, in the form of option premiums received from
sales of call options, will be primarily influenced by the volatility of the
Index’s value, although other factors, including interest rates, will also
impact the level of income.
Investment
Process:
In managing the equity portion of the Fund’s portfolio, the Adviser has
developed a unique approach to daily out-of-the-money covered call options
strategy, powered by the Adviser’s proprietary research process.
In
pursuing the Fund’s investment strategy, the Adviser considers a number of
criteria including:
●Income
Generation:
The Adviser’s technology identifies the optimal strike price daily, factoring in
market volatility, historical data, planned market events, and other dynamic
parameters. This approach not only increases the potential for consistent,
additive income generation but also retains the opportunity for capital
appreciation.
●Maximized
Theta Decay:
By writing call options at the beginning of each trading day that expire the
same day, the Adviser seeks to capitalize on the rapid time decay of the
options. This refers to the circumstance in which the extrinsic value of
an option (the difference between the market price of an option and its
intrinsic value) diminishes as it approaches its expiration date, all else being
equal. Out-of-the-money options expiring the same day are less likely to end up
in-the-money at expiration than longer-term options. A shift into in-the-money
option positions means the strike price of the option is lower than the price of
the underlying security in which case the Fund could incur a loss. Options
expiring in one week are not designed to maximize theta decay.
●Reduced
Time Risk:
By focusing on options with short-term expirations (that is one day), the
Adviser seeks to minimize the chances that the intrinsic value of the option
(the difference between an option’s strike price and the underlying asset’s
price) adversely affect the option's value.
●Flexibility:
As market conditions change, the Adviser will adjust its position daily to
re-align with the underlying security’s price trajectory. This approach offers
the best chance to participate in both the underlying security’s performance and
the simultaneous harvesting of daily options premiums.
The
Fund’s investment strategies may involve active and frequent trading
resulting in high portfolio turnover.
An
investment in the Fund is not an investment in QQQ, QQQM, or the NASDAQ-100®
Index, nor is the Fund a traditionally passively managed index fund. The Fund
does not invest directly in the NASDAQ-100® Index or in any
companies
that comprise the NASDAQ-100® Index. Neither the Fund nor any of its affiliates
makes any representation to you as to the performance of the NASDAQ-100®
Index.
The
Fund, Trust, Adviser, and Sub-Adviser are not affiliated with nor endorsed by
QQQ, QQQM or the NASDAQ-100® Index.
Index
Overview:
The Nasdaq 100® Index is a benchmark index that includes 100 of the largest
non-financial companies listed on the Nasdaq Stock Market, based on market
capitalization. This makes it a large-cap index, meaning its constituents have a
high market value, often in the billions of dollars. The Index includes
companies from various industries but is heavily weighted towards the technology
sector. This reflects the Nasdaq’s historic strength as a listing venue for tech
companies. Other sectors represented include consumer discretionary, health
care, communication services, and industrials, among
others.
Principal
Risks
The
principal risks affecting shareholders’ investments in the Fund including the
risks of the investment strategies of the Index are set forth below.
An investment in the Fund is not a bank deposit and is not insured
or guaranteed by the FDIC or any government agency.
The Fund’s Shares will change in value, and you could lose money
by investing in the Fund. The Fund may not achieve its
investment objectives.
Investment
Risks of the Fund
The
investment risks of the Fund are as follows:
Referenced
Index Risk.
The Fund invests in options contracts that are based on the value of the Index,
including options on QQQ and/or QQQM and Index options such as XND and NQX. This
subjects the Fund to certain of the same risks as if it owned shares of
companies that comprised the Index, even though it does not own shares of
companies in the Index. The Fund will have exposure to declines in the Index. By
virtue of the Fund’s investments in options contracts that are based on the
value of the Index, the Fund may also be subject to the following risks:
Indirect
Investment Risk. The Index is not affiliated with the Trust, the Fund, the Adviser,
the Sub-Adviser, or their respective affiliates and is not involved with this
offering in any way. Investors in the Fund will not have the right to receive
dividends or other distributions or any other rights with respect to the
companies that comprise the Index but will be subject to declines in the
performance of the Index.
Index
Trading Risk. The trading price of the Index may be highly volatile and could
continue to be subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors. The
stock market in general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations
that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance
of companies.
The
Nasdaq 100 Index Risks:
The Index’s major risks stem from its high concentration in the technology
sector and significant exposure to high-growth, high-valuation companies. A
downturn in the tech industry, whether from regulatory changes, shifts in
technology, or competitive pressures, can greatly impact the index. It’s also
vulnerable to geopolitical risks due to many constituent companies having
substantial international operations. Since many of these tech companies often
trade at high valuations, a shift in investor sentiment could lead to
significant price declines.
Equity
Market Risk. The
price of equity securities may rise or fall because of changes in the broad
market or changes in a company’s financial condition, sometimes rapidly or
unpredictably. These price movements may result from factors
affecting individual companies, sectors or industries selected for
the Fund’s portfolio or the securities market as a whole, such
as changes in economic or political conditions. When the value of the
Fund’s portfolio securities goes down, your investment in the Fund
decreases in value.
General
Market Risk. Economies
and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly
interconnected, which increases the likelihood that events or conditions in
one country or region will adversely impact markets or issuers
in other countries or regions. Securities in the Fund’s portfolio
may underperform in comparison to securities in general
financial markets, a particular financial market or other asset classes
due to a number of factors, including inflation (or expectations
for inflation), deflation (or expectations for deflation),
interest rates, global demand for particular products or
resources, market instability, financial system instability, debt crises
and downgrades, embargoes, tariffs, sanctions and other trade
barriers, regulatory events, other governmental trade or
market control programs and related geopolitical events. In
addition, the value of the Fund’s investments may be negatively
affected by the occurrence of global events such as war,
terrorism, environmental disasters, natural disasters or events,
country instability, and infectious disease epidemics or
pandemics.
Covered
Call Options Strategy Risk. When
the Fund sells call options, it receives cash but limits its opportunity to
profit from an increase in the market value of the underlying security
prior to the expiration of the options. The maximum potential gain on the
underlying security will be equal to the difference between the strike
price and the purchase price of the underlying security at the time the
option is written, plus the premium received. In a rising market, the
option may require the underlying security to be sold at an exercise price
that is lower than would be received if the underlying security was sold at
the market price. The Fund realizes a gain in the amount of the
premium received, but because there may have been a decline (unrealized
loss) in the market value of the underlying security during the option
period, the unrealized loss may exceed such gain. If the underlying
security declines by more than the option premium the Fund receives, there
will be a loss on the overall position. For the Fund in particular, the value of
the options contracts in which it invests are substantially influenced by the
value of the Index and/or the ETF underlying the written option (including QQQ
and QQQM).
Spread
Strategy Risk.
The Fund may engage in option spread strategies, such as credit spreads, in
which it simultaneously buys and sells options on the same underlying asset.
While these strategies can be used to manage risk or increase income, they also
introduce additional complexities and may limit potential gains or exacerbate
losses if not executed as intended. In certain market conditions, such
strategies may underperform or fail to mitigate downside exposure as
expected.
Counterparty
Risk.
The Fund is subject to counterparty risk by virtue of its investments in options
contracts. Transactions in some types of derivatives, including options, are
required to be centrally cleared (“cleared derivatives”). In cleared derivatives
positions, the Fund will make payments (including margin payments) to and
receive payments from a clearing house through their accounts at clearing
members. The Fund is subject to the risk that a limited number of clearing
members are willing to transact on the Fund’s behalf, which heightens the risks
associated with a clearing member’s default. This risk is greater for the Fund
as it seeks to hold options contracts on a single security, and not a broader
range of options contracts, which may limit the number of clearing members that
are willing to transact on the Fund’s behalf. If a clearing member defaults the
Fund could lose some or all of the benefits of a transaction entered into by the
Fund with the clearing member. If the Fund cannot find a clearing member to
transact with on the Fund’s behalf, the Fund may be unable to effectively
implement its investment strategy.
Other
Investment Companies Risk: To
the extent that the Fund invests in other ETFs or investment companies, the
value of an investment in the Fund is based on the performance of the underlying
funds in which the Fund invests and the allocation of its assets among those
ETFs or investment companies. The underlying ETFs and investment companies may
change their investment goals, policies or practices and there can be no
assurance that the underlying ETFs or investment companies will achieve their
respective investment goals. Because the Fund invests in ETFs and other
investment companies, shareholders indirectly bear a proportionate share of the
expenses charged by the underlying funds in which it invests which impacts the
Fund’s performance. The principal risks of an investment in the Fund include the
principal risks of investing in the underlying ETFs and investment
companies.
The
Fund is exposed to the risks of the underlying ETFs and investment companies in
which it invests in direct proportion to the amount of assets the Fund allocates
to each underlying fund. One underlying fund may buy the same security that
another underlying fund is selling. You would indirectly bear the costs of both
trades. In addition, you may receive taxable gains from portfolio transactions
by the underlying funds, as well as taxable gains from the Fund’s transactions
in
shares
of the underlying funds. The Fund’s ability to achieve its investment goal
depends, in part, upon the- Adviser’s skill in selecting an optimal mix of
underlying funds.
Distribution
Risk. As
part of the Fund’s investment objective, the Fund seeks to provide current
monthly income. There is no assurance that the Fund will make a distribution in
any given month. If the Fund does make distributions, the amounts of such
distributions will likely vary greatly from one distribution to the next.
Additionally, the monthly distributions, if any, may consist of returns of
capital, which would decrease the Fund’s NAV and trading price over time. As a
result, an investor may suffer significant losses to their
investment.
U.S.
Government and U.S. Agency Obligations Risk.
The Fund may invest in securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies
or instrumentalities. U.S. Government obligations include securities issued or
guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities, such as the U.S. Treasury. Payment of principal and interest
on U.S. Government obligations may be backed by the full faith and credit of the
United States or may be backed solely by the issuing or guaranteeing agency or
instrumentality itself. In the latter case, the investor must look principally
to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for
ultimate repayment, which agency or instrumentality may be privately owned.
There can be no assurance that the U.S. Government would provide financial
support to its agencies or instrumentalities (including government-sponsored
enterprises) where it is not obligated to do so
ETF
Risks.
The Fund is an exchange-traded fund, and, as a result of an ETF’s structure, it
is exposed to the following risks:
●Authorized
Participants, Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Limitation
Risk. The Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may
act as Authorized Participants (“Aps”). In addition, there may be a limited
number of market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the
extent either of the following events occur, shares of the Fund (“Shares”) may
trade at a material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) Aps exit
the business or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption
orders and no other Aps step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market
makers and/or liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce
their business activities and no other entities step forward to perform their
functions.
●Cash
Redemption Risk.
The Fund’s investment strategy may require it to redeem Shares for cash or to
otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. The Fund may be
required to sell or unwind portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to
distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause the Fund to recognize a capital
gain that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a
result, the Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if
the in-kind redemption process was used.
●Costs
of Buying or Selling Shares.
Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions
imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may
significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be
advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small
investments.
●Shares
May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV. As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary
market at market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares
will approximate the Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of
Shares is more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day
(discount) due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market
volatility. This risk is heightened in times of market volatility and volatility
in the Fund’s portfolio holdings, periods of steep market declines, and periods
when there is limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in
which case such premiums or discounts may be significant. If an investor
purchases Shares at a time when the market price is at a premium to the NAV of
the Shares or sells at a time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV
of the Shares, then the investor may sustain losses that are in addition to any
losses caused by a decrease in NAV.
●Trading.
Although Shares are listed for trading on a national securities exchange, and
may be traded on other U.S. exchanges, there can be no assurance that Shares
will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock
exchange.
In stressed market conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the
liquidity of the Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be
significantly less liquid than Fund
Shares.
High
Portfolio Turnover Risk.
The Fund may incur high portfolio turnover to manage the Fund’s investment
exposure. Additionally, active market trading of the Fund’s Shares may cause
more frequent creation or redemption activities that could, in certain
circumstances, increase the number of portfolio transactions. High levels of
portfolio transactions increase brokerage and other transaction costs and may
result in increased taxable capital gains. Each of these factors could have a
negative impact on the performance of the Fund.
New
Fund Risk. As
of the date of this prospectus, the Fund has less than a year of operations and
currently has fewer assets than larger funds. Like other new funds, large
inflows and outflows may impact the Fund’s market exposure for limited periods
of time. This impact may be positive or negative, depending on the direction of
market movement during the period affected.
Non-Diversification
Risk. The
Fund is classified as “non-diversified” under the 1940 Act. As a result, the
Fund is only limited as to the percentage of its assets which may be invested in
the securities of any one issuer by the diversification requirements imposed by
the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). A decline in the
value of an investment in a single issuer could cause a Fund’s overall value to
decline to a greater degree than if the Fund held a more diversified portfolio.
The Fund may invest a relatively high percentage of its assets in a limited
number of issuers with a single counterparty or a few counterparties. As a
result, the Fund may experience increased volatility and be more susceptible to
a single economic or regulatory occurrence affecting one or more of these
issuers and/or counterparties.
Investment
Risks of Underlying NASDAQ-100® ETFs
The
risks with respect to the investment strategies of underlying NASDAQ-100® ETFs
are as follows:
Passive
Strategy/Index Risk. QQQ
and QQQM are not actively managed. Rather, QQQ and QQQM attempts to track the
performance of an unmanaged index of securities. This differs from an actively
managed fund, which typically seeks to outperform a benchmark index. As a
result, QQQ and QQQM will hold constituent securities of the Index regardless of
the current or projected performance of a specific security or a particular
industry or market sector. Maintaining investments in securities regardless of
market conditions or the performance of individual securities could cause QQQ
and/or QQQM’s return to be lower than if they employed an active
strategy.
Index
Tracking Risk. While
QQQ and QQQM are intended to track the performance of the NASDAQ-100 Index®
(the “Index”) as closely as possible (i.e., to achieve a high degree
of correlation with the Index), QQQ and QQQM’s return may not match or achieve a
high degree of correlation with the return of the Index due to expenses and
transaction costs incurred in adjusting the Portfolio. In addition, it is
possible that QQQ and/or QQQM may not always fully replicate the performance of
the Index due to the unavailability of certain Index Securities in the secondary
market or due to other extraordinary circumstances (e.g.,
if trading in a security has been halted).
Common
Stock Risk.
Holders of common stocks of any given issuer incur more risk than holders of
preferred stocks and debt obligations of such issuer because common
stockholders, as owners of such issuer, have generally subordinate rights to
receive payments from such issuer in comparison with the rights of creditors of,
or holders of debt obligations or preferred stocks issued by, such issuer.
Further, unlike debt securities which typically have a stated principal amount
payable at maturity (whose value, however, will be subject to market
fluctuations prior thereto), or preferred stocks which typically have a
liquidation preference and which may have stated optional or mandatory
redemption provisions, common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a
maturity. Common stock values are subject to market fluctuations as long as the
common stock remains outstanding. The value of the Securities may therefore be
expected to fluctuate over the entire life of QQQ or
QQQM.
ADR
Risk.
QQQ and QQQM are also subject to risks associated with investments in American
Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) included in the Index. ADRs are certificates that
evidence ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to
purchasing the underlying foreign securities directly in their national markets
and currencies. ADRs may be subject to certain of the risks associated with
direct investments in the securities of foreign companies, such as currency,
political, economic and market risks, because their values depend on the
performance of the non-
dollar denominated
underlying foreign securities. Moreover, ADRs may not track the price of the
underlying foreign securities on which they are based, and their value may
change materially at times when U.S. markets are not open for
trading.
Industry
Sector Risk.
QQQ and QQQM are subject to the risk of an investment in a portfolio of equity
securities in economic sectors in which the Index may be highly concentrated
(e.g.,
technology) as well as to the risks specific to the performance of a few
individual component Securities which currently represent a highly concentrated
weighting in the Index. These include the risks that the level of stock prices
in these sectors or the stock prices of these specific companies may decline,
thereby adversely affecting the value of QQQ and/or QQQM. In addition, because
it is the policy of QQQ to invest in the securities that comprise the Index, if
the Index is concentrated in an industry or industry group, the portfolio of
Securities also will be concentrated in that industry or industry group. By
concentrating its investments in an industry or industry group, QQQ and/or QQQM
may face more risks than if it were diversified broadly over numerous industries
or industry groups. Such industry-based risks, any of which may adversely affect
the companies in which QQQ and/or QQQM invests, may include, but are not limited
to, the following: general economic conditions or cyclical market patterns that
could negatively affect supply and demand in a particular industry; competition
for resources, adverse labor relations, political or world events; obsolescence
of technologies; and increased competition or new product introductions that may
affect the profitability or viability of companies in an industry. In addition,
at times, such industry or industry group may be out of favor and underperform
other industries or the market as a whole. Furthermore, investors should be
aware that in the event that one or more stocks which currently have a highly
concentrated weighting in the Index were to leave NASDAQ, if a company with a
large market capitalization were to list its shares on NASDAQ, or if there were
a significant rebalancing of the Index, then the composition and weighting of
the Index, and hence the composition and weighting of the Securities in QQQ
and/or QQQM, would change significantly and the performance of QQQ and/or QQQM
would reflect the performance of the new Index as reconfigured.
Due
to the concentration of the Index in sectors characterized by relatively higher
volatility in price performance when compared to other economic sectors, the
performance of the Index may be more volatile when compared to other broad-based
stock indexes. It is anticipated that the price volatility of QQQ and/or QQQM
may be greater than the price volatility of other market-traded securities which
are issued by investment companies based upon indexes other than the
Index.
Technology
Sector Risk.
Companies in the technology industry may be adversely affected by the failure to
obtain, or delays in obtaining, financing or regulatory approval, intense
competition, both domestically and internationally, product compatibility,
consumer preferences, corporate capital expenditure, rapid obsolescence,
research and development of new products and competition for the services of
qualified personnel. Companies in the technology sector also face competition or
potential competition with numerous alternative technologies. In addition, the
highly competitive technology sector may cause the prices for these products and
services to decline in the future. Technology companies may have limited product
lines, markets, financial resources or personnel. Companies in the technology
industry are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights. The
loss or impairment of these rights may adversely affect the profitability of
these companies. The technology industry is subject to rapid and significant
changes in technology that are evidenced by the increasing pace of technological
upgrades, evolving industry standards, ongoing improvements in the capacity and
quality of digital technology, shorter development cycles for new products and
enhancements, developments in emerging wireless transmission technologies and
changes in customer requirements and preferences. The success of sector
participants depends substantially on the timely and successful introduction of
new products.
Foreign
Securities Risk.
Investments in the securities of non-U.S. issuers involve risks beyond
those associated with investments in U.S. securities. Foreign securities may
have relatively low market liquidity, greater market volatility, decreased
publicly available information and less reliable financial information about
issuers, and inconsistent and potentially less stringent accounting, auditing
and financial reporting requirements and standards of practice comparable to
those applicable to domestic issuers. Foreign securities also are subject to the
risks of expropriation, nationalization, political instability or other adverse
political or economic developments and the difficulty of enforcing obligations
in other countries. Investments in foreign securities also may be subject to
dividend withholding or confiscatory taxes, currency blockage and/or transfer
restrictions and higher transactional costs. As QQQ and/or QQQM may invest in
securities denominated in foreign currencies, fluctuations in the value of the
U.S. dollar relative to the
values
of other currencies may adversely affect investments in foreign securities and
may negatively impact QQQ and/or QQQM’s returns.
Foreign
Investing Risk. The
risks of foreign investments are usually much greater for emerging markets.
Investments in emerging market companies may be volatile and considered
speculative. Emerging market economies may be riskier because they develop
unevenly and may never fully develop. They are more likely to experience
hyperinflation and currency devaluations, currency restrictions, capital
controls, and capital seizures, which adversely affect returns to U.S.
investors. Emerging markets securities may have decreased publicly available and
less reliable information about issuers, and inconsistent and potentially less
stringent regulatory, disclosure, recordkeeping, accounting, auditing and
financial reporting requirements and standards of practice comparable to those
applicable to domestic issuers. Emerging market economies usually are subject to
greater market volatility, political, social and economic instability,
uncertainty regarding the existence of trading markets and more governmental
limitations on foreign investment than are more developed markets. Securities
law in many emerging market economies is relatively new and unsettled.
Therefore, laws regarding foreign investment in emerging market securities,
securities regulation, title to securities, and shareholder rights may change
quickly and unpredictably. The ability to bring and enforce actions in emerging
market countries may be limited, and shareholder claims may be difficult or
impossible to pursue. From time to time, the United States or other countries
may impose sanctions on various persons, issuers, or countries, which could
negatively affect the value of QQQ and/or QQQM’s investments and make them
illiquid. Investments in emerging market economies may be subject to additional
transaction costs, delays in settlement procedures, unexpected market closures,
and lack of timely information.
●China
Investing Risk.
Investments in companies located or operating in Greater China (normally
considered to be the geographical area that includes mainland China, Hong Kong,
Macau and Taiwan) involve risks not associated with investments in the U.S. and
other Western nations, such as greater government control over the economy;
political, legal and regulatory uncertainty; risk of nationalization,
expropriation, or confiscation of property; difficulty in obtaining information
necessary for investigations into and/or litigation against Chinese companies,
as well as in obtaining and/or enforcing judgments; limited legal remedies for
shareholders; alteration or discontinuation of economic reforms; military
conflicts, either internal or with other countries; inflation, currency
fluctuations and fluctuations in inflation and interest rates that may have
negative effects on the economy and securities markets of Greater China; and
Greater China’s dependency on the economies of other Asian countries, many of
which are developing countries. Events in any one country within Greater China
may impact the other countries in the region or Greater China as a whole.
Further, health events, such as the recent coronavirus outbreak, may cause
uncertainty and volatility in the Chinese economy, especially in the consumer
discretionary (leisure, retail, gaming, tourism), industrials, and commodities
sectors. Additionally, any difficulties of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) to inspect audit work papers and practices of
PCAOB-registered accounting firms in China with respect to their audit work of
U.S. reporting companies may impose significant additional risks associated with
investments in China.
Investments
in Chinese companies may be made through a special structure known as a variable
interest entity (“VIE”) that is designed to provide foreign investors, such as
QQQ and/or QQQM, with exposure to Chinese companies that operate in certain
sectors in which China restricts or prohibits foreign investments. Investments
in VIEs may pose additional risks because the investment is made through an
intermediary shell company that has entered into service and other contracts
with the underlying Chinese operating company in order to provide investors with
exposure to the operating company but does not represent equity ownership in the
operating company. As a result, such investment may limit the rights of an
investor with respect to the underlying Chinese operating company. The value of
the shell company is derived from its ability to consolidate the VIE into its
financials pursuant to contractual arrangements that allow the shell company to
exert a degree of control over, and obtain economic benefits arising from, the
VIE without formal legal ownership. The contractual arrangements between the
shell company and the operating company may not be as effective in providing
operational control as direct equity ownership, and a foreign investor’s (such
as QQQ and/or QQQM’s) rights may be limited. While VIEs are a longstanding
industry practice and are well known by Chinese officials and regulators, the
structure has not been formally recognized under Chinese law and it is uncertain
whether Chinese officials or regulators will maintain their implicit acceptance
of the structure. It is also uncertain whether the contractual arrangements,
which may be subject to conflicts of interest between the legal owners of the
VIE
and
foreign investors, would be enforced by Chinese courts or arbitration bodies.
Prohibitions of these structures by the Chinese government, or the inability to
enforce such contracts, from which the shell company derives its value, would
likely cause the VIE-structured holding(s) to suffer significant,
detrimental, and possibly permanent loss, and in turn, adversely affect QQQ
and/or QQQM’s returns and net asset value.
Export
growth continues to be a major driver of China’s rapid economic growth. As a
result, a reduction in spending on Chinese products and services, the
institution of tariffs or other trade barriers (or the threat thereof), or a
downturn in any of the economies of China’s key trading partners may have an
adverse impact on the Chinese economy. The ongoing trade dispute and imposition
of tariffs between China and the United States continues to introduce
uncertainty into the Chinese economy and may result in reductions in
international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial
price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or
large segments of China’s export industry, which could have a negative impact on
QQQ and/or QQQM’s performance. Events such as these and their consequences are
difficult to predict and it is unclear whether further tariffs may be imposed or
other escalating actions may be taken in the future. In addition, actions by the
U.S. government, such as delisting of certain Chinese companies from U.S.
securities exchanges or otherwise restricting their operations in the U.S., may
negatively impact the value of such securities held by QQQ and/or
QQQM.
Additionally,
developing countries, such as those in Greater China, may subject QQQ and/or
QQQM’s investments to a number of tax rules, and the application of many of
those rules may be uncertain. Moreover, China has implemented a number of tax
reforms in recent years, and may amend or revise its existing tax laws and/or
procedures in the future, possibly with retroactive effect. Changes in
applicable Chinese tax law could reduce the after-tax profits of QQQ
and/or QQQM, directly or indirectly, including by reducing
the after-tax profits of companies in China in which QQQ and/or QQQM
invests. Chinese taxes that may apply to QQQ and/or QQQM’s investments include
income tax or withholding tax on dividends, interest or gains earned by QQQ
and/or QQQM, business tax and stamp duty. Uncertainties in Chinese tax rules
could result in unexpected tax liabilities for QQQ and/or
QQQM.
●Russia
Risk.
Following
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in late February 2022, various countries, including
the United States, as well as NATO and the European Union, issued broad-ranging
economic sanctions against Russia. The resulting responses to the military
actions (and the potential for further sanctions in response to continued
military activity), the military escalation of the conflict and the potential
for further escalation, and other corresponding events, have had, and could
continue to have, severe negative effects on regional and global economic and
financial markets, including increased volatility, reduced liquidity and overall
uncertainty. The negative impacts may be particularly acute in certain sectors
including, but not limited to, energy and financials. Russia may take additional
counter measures or retaliatory actions (including cyberattacks), which could
exacerbate negative consequences on global financial markets. The duration of
the ongoing conflict and corresponding sanctions and related events cannot be
predicted. The foregoing may result in a negative impact on QQQ and/or QQQM
performance and the value of an investment in QQQ and/or QQQM, even beyond any
direct investment exposure QQQ and/or QQQM may have to Russian issuers or the
adjoining geographic regions.
Performance
History
The Fund does not
have a full calendar year of performance history. In the future, performance
information will be presented in this section of the Prospectus.
Performance
information will contain a bar chart and table that provide some indication of
the risks of investing in the Fund by showing changes in the Fund’s performance
from year to year and by showing the Fund’s average annual returns for certain
time periods as compared to a broad measure of market
performance. Investors should be aware that
past performance before and after taxes is not necessarily an indication of how
the Fund will perform in the future.
Updated
performance information for the Fund, including its current net asset value per
share, is available by calling toll-free at (844)
403-2888.
Investment
Adviser and Sub-Adviser
Tapp
Finance, Inc., d/b/a TappAlpha (the “Adviser”) is the investment adviser to the
Fund.
Tuttle
Capital Management, LLC (the “Sub-Adviser”) is the sub-adviser to the
Fund.
Portfolio
Manager
Si
Katara, Portfolio Manager of the Adviser, has served as the Fund’s portfolio
manager since its inception.
Purchase
and Sale of Fund Shares
The
Fund will issue (or redeem) shares to certain institutional investors (typically
market makers or other broker-dealers) only in large blocks of at least 10,000
shares known as “Creation Units.” Creation Unit transactions are typically
conducted in exchange for the deposit or delivery of in-kind securities and/or
cash. Individual shares may only be purchased and sold on a national securities
exchange through a broker-dealer. You can purchase and sell individual shares of
the Fund throughout the trading day like any publicly traded security. The
Fund’s shares are listed on the Exchange (i.e.,
Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.). The price of the Fund’s shares is based on market
price, and because exchange-traded fund shares trade at market prices rather
than NAV, shares may trade at a price greater than NAV (premium) or less than
NAV (discount). When buying or selling shares through a broker, most investors
will incur customary brokerage commissions and charges and you may pay some or
all of the spread between the bid and the offered prices in the secondary market
for shares. Except when aggregated in Creation Units, the Fund’s shares are not
redeemable securities. Recent information regarding the Fund, including its NAV,
market price, premiums and discounts, and bid/ask spreads, is available on the
Fund’s website at www.tappalphafunds.com.
Tax
Information
The
Fund’s distributions, if taxable, will be taxed as ordinary income or capital
gain, unless you are investing through a tax-deferred arrangement, such as a
401(k) plan or an individual retirement account, in which case withdrawals from
such arrangements generally will be taxed.
Payments
to Broker-Dealers and Other Financial Intermediaries
If
you purchase shares of the Fund through a broker-dealer or other financial
intermediary (e.g.,
a bank), the Fund and its related companies may pay the intermediary for the
sale of Fund shares and related services. These payments may create a conflict
of interest by influencing the broker-dealer or other financial intermediary and
your salesperson to recommend the Fund over another investment. Ask your
salesperson or visit your financial intermediary’s website for more
information.
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUNDS’ INVESTMENTS
Each
Fund’s investment objective is described in the summary section for each Fund.
The summary section also describes each Fund’s principal investment strategies,
including the types of securities in which each Fund invests, and the principal
risks of investing in each Fund. The principal investment strategies are not the
only investment strategies available to each Fund, but they are the ones each
Fund primarily uses to achieve its investment objective.
The
Funds’ investment objectives may be changed by the Board of Trustees (the
“Board”) of ETF Opportunities Trust (the “Trust”) without shareholder approval
upon 60 days’ written notice to shareholders.
ETFs
are funds that trade like other publicly-traded securities. Unlike shares of a
mutual fund, which can be bought and redeemed from the issuing fund by all
shareholders at a price based on NAV, shares of the Fund may be purchased or
redeemed directly from the Fund at NAV solely by APs and only in aggregations of
a specified number of shares Creation Units. Also, unlike shares of a mutual
fund, shares of the Fund are listed on a national securities exchange and trade
in the secondary market at market prices that change throughout the
day.
ADDITIONAL
INFORMATION ABOUT RISK
It
is important that you closely review and understand the risks of investing in
each Fund. Each Fund’s NAV and investment return will fluctuate based upon
changes in the value of its portfolio securities. You
could lose money on your investment in a Fund, and the Funds could underperform
other investments.
There is no guarantee that the Funds will meet their investment objectives. An
investment in a Fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not insured or guaranteed
by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other government agency.
Below
are some of the specific risks of investing in the Funds.
Principal
Risks
Investment
Risks of the Funds
The
investment risks of the Funds are as follows:
Referenced
Index Risk. Each
Fund invests in options contracts that are based on the value of the
corresponding underlying security or Index. This subjects the Fund to certain of
the same risks as if it owned shares of the companies that comprised the Index,
even though it does not own shares of companies in the Index. The Funds will
have exposure to declines in the Index. By virtue of the Fund’s investments in
options contracts that are based on the value of its corresponding Index, the
Fund may also be subject to the following risks: Indirect Investment in an Index
Risk.
Each
Index is not affiliated with the Trust, the Fund, the Adviser, the Sub-Adviser,
or their respective affiliates and is not involved with this offering in any
way. Investors in the Fund will not have rights to receive dividends or other
distributions or any other rights with respect to the underlying stocks that
comprise an Index but will be subject to declines in the performance of the
Index.
Index
Trading Risk.
The trading price of the Index may be highly volatile and could continue to be
subject to wide fluctuations in response to various factors. The stock market in
general has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often
been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of companies.
The
Nasdaq 100 Index Risks:
The Index’s major risks stem from its high concentration in the technology
sector and significant exposure to high-growth, high-valuation companies. A
downturn in the tech industry, whether from regulatory changes, shifts in
technology, or competitive pressures, can greatly impact the index. It’s also
vulnerable to geopolitical risks due to many constituent companies having
substantial international operations. Since many of these tech companies often
trade at high valuations, a shift in investor sentiment could lead to
significant price declines.
S&P
500® Index Risks:
The Index, which includes a broad swath of large U.S. companies, is primarily
exposed to overall economic and market conditions. Recession, inflation, and
changes in interest rates can significantly impact the index’s performance.
Furthermore, despite its diverse representation, a downturn in a major sector
such as technology or financials could notably affect the index. Geopolitical
risks and unexpected global events, like pandemics, can introduce volatility and
uncertainty.
Equity
Market Risk. The
price of equity securities may rise or fall because of changes in the broad
market or changes in a company’s financial condition, sometimes rapidly or
unpredictably. These price movements may result from factors affecting
individual companies, sectors or industries selected for a Fund’s portfolio or
the securities market as a whole, such as changes in economic or political
conditions. Equity securities are subject to “stock market risk” meaning that
stock prices in general (or in particular, the prices of the types of securities
in which a Fund invests) may decline over short or extended periods of time.
When the value of a Fund’s portfolio securities goes down, your investment in a
Fund decreases in value.
General
Market Risk. Economies
and financial markets throughout the world are becoming increasingly
interconnected, which increases the likelihood that events or conditions in one
country or region will adversely impact markets or issuers in other countries or
regions. Securities in a Fund’s portfolio may underperform in comparison to
securities in general financial markets, a particular financial market or other
asset classes due to a number of factors, including inflation (or expectations
for inflation), deflation (or expectations for deflation), interest rates,
global demand for particular products or resources, market instability,
financial system instability, debt crises and downgrades, embargoes, tariffs,
sanctions and other trade barriers, regulatory events, other governmental trade
or market control programs and related geopolitical events. In addition, the
value of a Fund’s investments may be negatively affected by the occurrence of
global events such as war, terrorism, environmental disasters, natural disasters
or events, country instability, and infectious disease epidemics or
pandemics.
Covered
Call Options Strategy Risk. To
the extent that a Fund sells call options, it receives cash but limits its
opportunity to profit from an increase in the market value of the Underlying
Security prior to the expiration of the option. The maximum potential gain on
the Underlying Security will be equal to the difference between the strike price
and the purchase price of the Underlying Security at the time the option is
written, plus the premium received. In a rising market, the option may require
an Underlying Security to be sold at an exercise price that is lower than would
be received if the Underlying Security was sold at the market price. The Fund
realizes a gain in the amount of premium received, but because there may have
been a decline (unrealized loss) in the market value of the Underlying Security
during the option period, the unrealized loss realized may exceed such gain. If
the Underlying Security declines by more than the option premium a Fund
receives, there will be a loss on the overall position.
Spread
Strategy Risk.
The Fund may engage in option spread strategies, such as credit spreads, in
which it simultaneously buys and sells options on the same underlying asset.
While these strategies can be used to manage risk or increase income, they also
introduce additional complexities and may limit potential gains or exacerbate
losses if not executed as intended. In certain market conditions, such
strategies may underperform or fail to mitigate downside exposure as
expected.
Counterparty
Risk. Each
Fund is subject to counterparty risk by virtue of its investments in options
contracts. Transactions in some types of derivatives, including options, are
required to be centrally cleared (“cleared derivatives”). In a transaction
involving cleared derivatives, a Fund’s counterparty is a clearing house rather
than a bank or broker. Since the Funds are not members of clearing houses and
only members of a clearing house (“clearing members”) can participate directly
in the clearing house, the Funds will hold cleared derivatives through accounts
at clearing members. In cleared derivatives positions, a Fund will make payments
(including margin payments) to and receive payments from a clearing house
through their accounts at clearing members. Customer funds held at a clearing
organization in connection with any options contracts are held in a commingled
omnibus account and are not identified to the name of the clearing member’s
individual customers. As a result, assets deposited by a Fund with any clearing
member as margin for options may, in certain circumstances, be used to satisfy
losses of other clients of a Fund’s clearing member. In addition, although
clearing members guarantee performance of their clients’ obligations to the
clearing house, there is a risk that the assets of a Fund might not be fully
protected in the event of the clearing member’s bankruptcy, as a Fund would be
limited to recovering only a pro rata share of all available funds segregated on
behalf of the clearing member’s
customers
for the relevant account class. Each Fund is also subject to the risk that a
limited number of clearing members are willing to transact on the Fund’s behalf,
which heightens the risks associated with a clearing member’s default. This risk
is greater for the Funds as they seek to hold options contracts on a single
security, and not a broader range of options contracts, which may limited the
number of clearing members that are willing to transact on the Funds’ behalf. If
a clearing member defaults a Fund could lose some or all of the benefits of a
transaction entered into by the Fund with the clearing member. If a Fund cannot
find a clearing member to transact with on the Fund’s behalf, the Fund may be
unable to effectively implement its investment strategy
Other
Investment Companies Risk: To
the extent that the Fund invests in other ETFs or investment companies, the
value of an investment in the Fund is based on the performance of the underlying
funds in which the Fund invests and the allocation of its assets among those
ETFs or investment companies. The underlying ETFs and investment companies may
change their investment goals, policies or practices and there can be no
assurance that the underlying ETFs or investment companies will achieve their
respective investment goals. Because the Fund invests in ETFs and other
investment companies, shareholders indirectly bear a proportionate share of the
expenses charged by the underlying funds in which it invests which impacts the
Fund’s performance. The principal risks of an investment in the Fund include the
principal risks of investing in the underlying ETFs and investment
companies.
The
Fund is exposed to the risks of the underlying ETFs and investment companies in
which it invests in direct proportion to the amount of assets the Fund allocates
to each underlying fund. One underlying fund may buy the same security that
another underlying fund is selling. You would indirectly bear the costs of both
trades. In addition, you may receive taxable gains from portfolio transactions
by the underlying funds, as well as taxable gains from the Fund’s transactions
in shares of the underlying funds. The Fund’s ability to achieve its investment
goal depends, in part, upon the- Adviser’s skill in selecting an optimal mix of
underlying funds.
Distribution
Risk. As
part of each Fund’s investment objective, each Fund seeks to provide current
monthly income. There is no assurance that a Fund will make a distribution in
any given month. If a Fund does make distributions, the amounts of such
distributions will likely vary greatly from one distribution to the next.
Additionally, the monthly distributions, if any, may consist of returns of
capital, which would decrease a Fund’s NAV and trading price over time. As a
result, an investor may suffer significant losses to their
investment.
U.S.
Government and U.S. Agency Obligations Risk. The
Funds may invest in securities issued by the U.S. government or its agencies or
instrumentalities. U.S. Government obligations include securities issued or
guaranteed as to principal and interest by the U.S. Government, its agencies or
instrumentalities, such as the U.S. Treasury. Payment of principal and interest
on U.S. Government obligations may be backed by the full faith and credit of the
United States or may be backed solely by the issuing or guaranteeing agency or
instrumentality itself. In the latter case, the investor must look principally
to the agency or instrumentality issuing or guaranteeing the obligation for
ultimate repayment, which agency or instrumentality may be privately owned.
There can be no assurance that the U.S. Government would provide financial
support to its agencies or instrumentalities (including government-sponsored
enterprises) where it is not obligated to do so.
ETF
Risks.
Each Fund is an exchange-traded fund, and, as a result of an ETF’s structure, it
is exposed to the following risks:
●Authorized
Participants, Market Makers, and Liquidity Providers Limitation Risk.
Each Fund has a limited number of financial institutions that may act as
Authorized Participants (“APs”). In addition, there may be a limited number of
market makers and/or liquidity providers in the marketplace. To the extent
either of the following events occur, shares of a Fund (“Shares”) may trade at a
material discount to NAV and possibly face delisting: (i) APs exit the business
or otherwise become unable to process creation and/or redemption orders and no
other APs step forward to perform these services, or (ii) market makers and/or
liquidity providers exit the business or significantly reduce their business
activities and no other entities step forward to perform their functions.
●Cash
Redemption Risk.
Each Fund’s investment strategy may require it to redeem Shares for cash or to
otherwise include cash as part of its redemption proceeds. Each Fund may be
required to sell or unwind portfolio investments to obtain the cash needed to
distribute redemption proceeds. This may cause a Fund to recognize a
capital
gain that it might not have recognized if it had made a redemption in-kind. As a
result, a Fund may pay out higher annual capital gain distributions than if the
in-kind redemption process was used.
●Costs
of Buying or Selling Shares.
Due to the costs of buying or selling Shares, including brokerage commissions
imposed by brokers and bid/ask spreads, frequent trading of Shares may
significantly reduce investment results and an investment in Shares may not be
advisable for investors who anticipate regularly making small
investments.
●Shares
May Trade at Prices Other Than NAV.
As with all ETFs, Shares may be bought and sold in the secondary market at
market prices. Although it is expected that the market price of Shares will
approximate a Fund’s NAV, there may be times when the market price of Shares is
more than the NAV intra-day (premium) or less than the NAV intra-day (discount)
due to supply and demand of Shares or during periods of market volatility. This
risk is heightened in times of market volatility and volatility in a Fund’s
portfolio holdings, periods of steep market declines, and periods when there is
limited trading activity for Shares in the secondary market, in which case such
premiums or discounts may be significant. If an investor purchases Shares at a
time when the market price is at a premium to the NAV of the Shares or sells at
a time when the market price is at a discount to the NAV of the Shares, then the
investor may sustain losses that are in addition to any losses caused by a
decrease in NAV.
●Trading.
Although Shares are listed for trading on a national securities exchange, and
may be traded on other U.S. exchanges, there can be no assurance that Shares
will trade with any volume, or at all, on any stock exchange. In stressed market
conditions, the liquidity of Shares may begin to mirror the liquidity of a
Fund’s underlying portfolio holdings, which can be significantly less liquid
than Fund Shares.
High
Portfolio Turnover Risk. Each
Fund may incur high portfolio turnover to manage the Fund’s investment exposure.
Additionally, active market trading of a Fund’s Shares may cause more frequent
creation or redemption activities that could, in certain circumstances, increase
the number of portfolio transactions. High levels of portfolio transactions
increase brokerage and other transaction costs and may result in increased
taxable capital gains. Each of these factors could have a negative impact on the
performance of the Fund.
New
Fund Risk. As
of the date of this prospectus, the TappAlpha Innovation 100 Growth & Daily
Income ETF has less than a year of operations and currently has fewer assets
than larger funds. Like other new funds, large inflows and outflows may impact
the Fund’s market exposure for limited periods of time. This impact may be
positive or negative, depending on the direction of market movement during the
period affected.
Non-Diversification
Risk.
Each Fund is classified as “non-diversified” under the 1940 Act. As a result,
they are only limited as to the percentage of its assets which may be invested
in the securities of any one issuer by the diversification requirements imposed
by the Code. A decline in the value of an investment in a single issuer could
cause a Fund’s overall value to decline to a greater degree than if the Fund
held a more diversified portfolio. Each Fund may invest a relatively high
percentage of their assets in a limited number of issuers with a single
counterparty or a few counterparties. As a result, each Fund may experience
increased volatility and be more susceptible to a single economic or regulatory
occurrence affecting one or more of these issuers and/or
counterparties.
Other
Risks for the Funds
Cyber
Security Risk. Failures
or breaches of the electronic systems of each Fund, the Adviser, and/or each
Fund’s other service providers, market makers, Authorized Participants or the
issuers of securities in which each Fund invests have the ability to cause
disruptions and negatively impact a Fund’s business operations, potentially
resulting in financial losses to the Fund and their shareholders. While each
Fund has established business continuity plans and risk management systems
seeking to address system breaches or failures, there are inherent limitations
in such plans and systems. Furthermore, each Fund cannot control the cyber
security plans and systems of the Fund’s service providers, market makers,
Authorized Participants or issuers of securities in which the Fund
invests.
Investment
Risks of the Underlying Securities
The
risks with respect to the investment strategies of the Underlying Securities are
as follows:
Passive
Strategy/Index Risk. Each
Underlying Security is not actively managed. Rather, each Underlying Security
attempts to track the performance of an unmanaged index of securities. This
differs from an actively managed fund, which typically seeks to outperform a
benchmark index. As a result, each Underlying Security will hold constituent
securities of the Index regardless of the current or projected performance of a
specific security or a particular industry or market sector. Maintaining
investments in securities regardless of market conditions or the performance of
individual securities could cause each Underlying Security’s return to be lower
than if each Underlying Security employed an active strategy.
Index
Tracking Risk. Each
Underlying Security intends to track the performance of an index as closely as
possible (i.e., to achieve
a high degree of correlation with the index). While QQQ intends to track the
performance of the NASDAQ-100 Index® and SPY intends to track the S&P
500® Index (each, an “Index”), each Underlying Security’s return may not match
or achieve a high degree of correlation with the return of its respective Index
due to expenses and transaction costs incurred in adjusting the Portfolio. In
addition, it is possible that each Underlying Security may not always fully
replicate the performance of its respective Index due to the unavailability of
certain Index Securities in the secondary market or due to other extraordinary
circumstances (e.g.,
if trading in a security has been halted).
Common
Stock Risk.
Holders of common stocks of any given issuer incur more risk than holders of
preferred stocks and debt obligations of such issuer because common
stockholders, as owners of such issuer, have generally subordinate rights to
receive payments from such issuer in comparison with the rights of creditors of,
or holders of debt obligations or preferred stocks issued by, such issuer.
Further, unlike debt securities which typically have a stated principal amount
payable at maturity (whose value, however, will be subject to market
fluctuations prior thereto), or preferred stocks which typically have a
liquidation preference and which may have stated optional or mandatory
redemption provisions, common stocks have neither a fixed principal amount nor a
maturity. Common stock values are subject to market fluctuations as long as the
common stock remains outstanding. The value of the Securities may therefore be
expected to fluctuate over the entire life of QQQ.
Risks
Specific to S&P 500 only:
Equity
Investing and Market Risk. An
investment in SPY and/or VOO involves risks similar to those of investing in any
fund of equity securities, such as market fluctuations caused by such factors as
economic and political developments, changes in interest rates, perceived trends
in securities prices, war, acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious disease
or other public health issues. Local, regional or global events such as war,
acts of terrorism, the spread of infectious disease or other public health
issues, recessions, or other events could have a significant impact on SPY
and/or VOO and its investments and could result in increased premiums or
discounts to their net asset value.
An
investment in SPY and/or VOO is subject to the risks of any investment in a
broadly based portfolio of equity securities, including the risk that the
general level of stock prices may decline, thereby adversely affecting the value
of such investment. The value of SPY or VOO's portfolio securities may fluctuate
in accordance with changes in the financial condition of the issuers of
portfolio securities, the value of equity securities generally and other
factors. The identity and weighting of Index Securities and the portfolio
securities change from time to time.
The
financial condition of issuers of SPY or VOO's portfolio securities may become
impaired or the general condition of the stock market may deteriorate, either of
which may cause a decrease in the value of SPY and/or VOO thus in the value of
its shares. Since SPY is not actively managed, the adverse financial condition
of an issuer will not result in its elimination from the portfolio unless such
issuer is removed from the Index. Equity securities are susceptible to general
stock market fluctuations and to volatile increases and decreases in value as
market confidence in and perceptions of their issuers change.
There
can be no assurance that the issuers of portfolio securities will pay dividends.
Distributions generally depend upon the declaration of dividends by the issuers
of portfolio securities, and the declaration of such dividends generally depends
upon various factors, including the financial condition of the issuers and
general economic conditions.
Risks
Specific to QQQ only:
ADR
Risk.
QQQ and QQQM are also subject to risks associated with investments in American
Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) included in the Index. ADRs are certificates that
evidence ownership of shares of a foreign issuer and are alternatives to
purchasing the underlying foreign securities directly in their national markets
and currencies. ADRs may be subject to certain of the risks associated with
direct investments in the securities of foreign companies, such as currency,
political, economic and market risks, because their values depend on the
performance of the non-dollar denominated underlying foreign
securities. Moreover, ADRs may not track the price of the underlying foreign
securities on which they are based, and their value may change materially at
times when U.S. markets are not open for trading.
Industry
Sector Risk.
QQQ and QQQM are subject to the risk of an investment in a portfolio of equity
securities in economic sectors in which the Index may be highly concentrated
(e.g.,
technology) as well as to the risks specific to the performance of a few
individual component Securities which currently represent a highly concentrated
weighting in the Index. These include the risks that the level of stock prices
in these sectors or the stock prices of these specific companies may decline,
thereby adversely affecting the value of QQQ and/or QQQM. In addition, because
it is the policy of QQQ to invest in the securities that comprise the Index, if
the Index is concentrated in an industry or industry group, the portfolio of
Securities also will be concentrated in that industry or industry group. By
concentrating its investments in an industry or industry group, QQQ and/or QQQM
may face more risks than if it were diversified broadly over numerous industries
or industry groups. Such industry-based risks, any of which may adversely affect
the companies in which QQQ and/or QQQM invests, may include, but are not limited
to, the following: general economic conditions or cyclical market patterns that
could negatively affect supply and demand in a particular industry; competition
for resources, adverse labor relations, political or world events; obsolescence
of technologies; and increased competition or new product introductions that may
affect the profitability or viability of companies in an industry. In addition,
at times, such industry or industry group may be out of favor and underperform
other industries or the market as a whole. Furthermore, investors should be
aware that in the event that one or more stocks which currently have a highly
concentrated weighting in the Index were to leave NASDAQ, if a company with a
large market capitalization were to list its shares on NASDAQ, or if there were
a significant rebalancing of the Index, then the composition and weighting of
the Index, and hence the composition and weighting of the Securities in QQQ
and/or QQQM, would change significantly and the performance of QQQ and/or QQQM
would reflect the performance of the new Index as reconfigured.
Due
to the concentration of the Index in sectors characterized by relatively higher
volatility in price performance when compared to other economic sectors, the
performance of the Index may be more volatile when compared to other broad-based
stock indexes. It is anticipated that the price volatility of QQQ and/or QQQM
may be greater than the price volatility of other market-traded securities which
are issued by investment companies based upon indexes other than the
Index.
Technology
Sector Risk.
Companies in the technology industry may be adversely affected by the failure to
obtain, or delays in obtaining, financing or regulatory approval, intense
competition, both domestically and internationally, product compatibility,
consumer preferences, corporate capital expenditure, rapid obsolescence,
research and development of new products and competition for the services of
qualified personnel. Companies in the technology sector also face competition or
potential competition with numerous alternative technologies. In addition, the
highly competitive technology sector may cause the prices for these products and
services to decline in the future. Technology companies may have limited product
lines, markets, financial resources or personnel. Companies in the technology
industry are heavily dependent on patent and intellectual property rights. The
loss or impairment of these rights may adversely affect the profitability of
these companies. The technology industry is subject to rapid and significant
changes in technology that are evidenced by the increasing pace of technological
upgrades, evolving industry standards, ongoing improvements in the capacity and
quality of digital technology, shorter development cycles for new products and
enhancements, developments in emerging wireless transmission technologies and
changes in customer requirements and preferences. The success of sector
participants depends substantially on the timely and successful introduction of
new products.
Foreign
Securities Risk.
Investments in the securities of non-U.S. issuers involve risks beyond
those associated with investments in U.S. securities. Foreign securities may
have relatively low market liquidity, greater market volatility, decreased
publicly available information and less reliable financial information about
issuers, and inconsistent and potentially less stringent accounting, auditing
and financial reporting requirements and standards of practice
comparable
to those applicable to domestic issuers. Foreign securities also are subject to
the risks of expropriation, nationalization, political instability or other
adverse political or economic developments and the difficulty of enforcing
obligations in other countries. Investments in foreign securities also may be
subject to dividend withholding or confiscatory taxes, currency blockage and/or
transfer restrictions and higher transactional costs. As QQQ and/or QQQM may
invest in securities denominated in foreign currencies, fluctuations in the
value of the U.S. dollar relative to the values of other currencies may
adversely affect investments in foreign securities and may negatively impact QQQ
and/or QQQM’s returns.
Foreign
Investing Risk. The
risks of foreign investments are usually much greater for emerging markets.
Investments in emerging market companies may be volatile and considered
speculative. Emerging market economies may be riskier because they develop
unevenly and may never fully develop. They are more likely to experience
hyperinflation and currency devaluations, currency restrictions, capital
controls, and capital seizures, which adversely affect returns to U.S.
investors. Emerging markets securities may have decreased publicly available and
less reliable information about issuers, and inconsistent and potentially less
stringent regulatory, disclosure, recordkeeping, accounting, auditing and
financial reporting requirements and standards of practice comparable to those
applicable to domestic issuers. Emerging market economies usually are subject to
greater market volatility, political, social and economic instability,
uncertainty regarding the existence of trading markets and more governmental
limitations on foreign investment than are more developed markets. Securities
law in many emerging market economies is relatively new and unsettled.
Therefore, laws regarding foreign investment in emerging market securities,
securities regulation, title to securities, and shareholder rights may change
quickly and unpredictably. The ability to bring and enforce actions in emerging
market countries may be limited, and shareholder claims may be difficult or
impossible to pursue. From time to time, the United States or other countries
may impose sanctions on various persons, issuers, or countries, which could
negatively affect the value of QQQ and/or QQQM’s investments and make them
illiquid. Investments in emerging market economies may be subject to additional
transaction costs, delays in settlement procedures, unexpected market closures,
and lack of timely information.
●China
Investing Risk.
Investments in companies located or operating in Greater China (normally
considered to be the geographical area that includes mainland China, Hong Kong,
Macau and Taiwan) involve risks not associated with investments in the U.S. and
other Western nations, such as greater government control over the economy;
political, legal and regulatory uncertainty; risk of nationalization,
expropriation, or confiscation of property; difficulty in obtaining information
necessary for investigations into and/or litigation against Chinese companies,
as well as in obtaining and/or enforcing judgments; limited legal remedies for
shareholders; alteration or discontinuation of economic reforms; military
conflicts, either internal or with other countries; inflation, currency
fluctuations and fluctuations in inflation and interest rates that may have
negative effects on the economy and securities markets of Greater China; and
Greater China’s dependency on the economies of other Asian countries, many of
which are developing countries. Events in any one country within Greater China
may impact the other countries in the region or Greater China as a whole.
Further, health events, such as the recent coronavirus outbreak, may cause
uncertainty and volatility in the Chinese economy, especially in the consumer
discretionary (leisure, retail, gaming, tourism), industrials, and commodities
sectors. Additionally, any difficulties of the Public Company Accounting
Oversight Board (“PCAOB”) to inspect audit work papers and practices of
PCAOB-registered accounting firms in China with respect to their audit work of
U.S. reporting companies may impose significant additional risks associated with
investments in China.
Investments
in Chinese companies may be made through a special structure known as a variable
interest entity (“VIE”) that is designed to provide foreign investors, such as
QQQ and/or QQQM, with exposure to Chinese companies that operate in certain
sectors in which China restricts or prohibits foreign investments. Investments
in VIEs may pose additional risks because the investment is made through an
intermediary shell company that has entered into service and other contracts
with the underlying Chinese operating company in order to provide investors with
exposure to the operating company but does not represent equity ownership in the
operating company. As a result, such investment may limit the rights of an
investor with respect to the underlying Chinese operating company. The value of
the shell company is derived from its ability to consolidate the VIE into its
financials pursuant to contractual arrangements that allow the shell company to
exert a degree of control over, and obtain economic benefits arising from, the
VIE without formal legal ownership. The contractual arrangements between the
shell company and the operating company may not be as effective in providing
operational
control as direct equity ownership, and a foreign investor’s (such as QQQ and/or
QQQM’s) rights may be limited. While VIEs are a longstanding industry practice
and are well known by Chinese officials and regulators, the structure has not
been formally recognized under Chinese law and it is uncertain whether Chinese
officials or regulators will maintain their implicit acceptance of the
structure. It is also uncertain whether the contractual arrangements, which may
be subject to conflicts of interest between the legal owners of the VIE and
foreign investors, would be enforced by Chinese courts or arbitration bodies.
Prohibitions of these structures by the Chinese government, or the inability to
enforce such contracts, from which the shell company derives its value, would
likely cause the VIE-structured holding(s) to suffer significant,
detrimental, and possibly permanent loss, and in turn, adversely affect QQQ
and/or QQQM’s returns and net asset value.
Export
growth continues to be a major driver of China’s rapid economic growth. As a
result, a reduction in spending on Chinese products and services, the
institution of tariffs or other trade barriers (or the threat thereof), or a
downturn in any of the economies of China’s key trading partners may have an
adverse impact on the Chinese economy. The ongoing trade dispute and imposition
of tariffs between China and the United States continues to introduce
uncertainty into the Chinese economy and may result in reductions in
international trade, the oversupply of certain manufactured goods, substantial
price reductions of goods and possible failure of individual companies and/or
large segments of China’s export industry, which could have a negative impact on
QQQ and/or QQQM’s performance. Events such as these and their consequences are
difficult to predict and it is unclear whether further tariffs may be imposed or
other escalating actions may be taken in the future. In addition, actions by the
U.S. government, such as delisting of certain Chinese companies from U.S.
securities exchanges or otherwise restricting their operations in the U.S., may
negatively impact the value of such securities held by QQQ and/or
QQQM.
Additionally,
developing countries, such as those in Greater China, may subject QQQ and/or
QQQM’s investments to a number of tax rules, and the application of many of
those rules may be uncertain. Moreover, China has implemented a number of tax
reforms in recent years, and may amend or revise its existing tax laws and/or
procedures in the future, possibly with retroactive effect. Changes in
applicable Chinese tax law could reduce the after-tax profits of QQQ
and/or QQQM, directly or indirectly, including by reducing
the after-tax profits of companies in China in which QQQ and/or QQQM
invests. Chinese taxes that may apply to QQQ and/or QQQM’s investments include
income tax or withholding tax on dividends, interest or gains earned by QQQ
and/or QQQM, business tax and stamp duty. Uncertainties in Chinese tax rules
could result in unexpected tax liabilities for QQQ and/or QQQM.
●Russia
Risk.
Following
Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in late February 2022, various countries, including
the United States, as well as NATO and the European Union, issued broad-ranging
economic sanctions against Russia. The resulting responses to the military
actions (and the potential for further sanctions in response to continued
military activity), the military escalation of the conflict and the potential
for further escalation, and other corresponding events, have had, and could
continue to have, severe negative effects on regional and global economic and
financial markets, including increased volatility, reduced liquidity and overall
uncertainty. The negative impacts may be particularly acute in certain sectors
including, but not limited to, energy and financials. Russia may take additional
counter measures or retaliatory actions (including cyberattacks), which could
exacerbate negative consequences on global financial markets. The duration of
the ongoing conflict and corresponding sanctions and related events cannot be
predicted. The foregoing may result in a negative impact on QQQ and/or QQQM
performance and the value of an investment in QQQ and/or QQQM, even beyond any
direct investment exposure QQQ and/or QQQM may have to Russian issuers or the
adjoining geographic regions.
MANAGEMENT
The
Investment Adviser.
Tapp Finance, Inc., d/b/a TappAlpha (the “Adviser”), 3700 W. Lawton Street,
Seattle, Washington 98199, is the investment adviser for each Fund. The Adviser
is registered as an investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of
1940, as amended. The Adviser is a Delaware corporation and was organized in
2023.
Under
the Investment Advisory Agreement between the Adviser and the Trust, on behalf
of each Fund (the “Investment Advisory Agreement”), the Adviser is responsible
for the day-to-day management of each Fund’s investments. The Adviser also: (i)
furnishes the Fund with office space and certain administrative services; and
(ii) provides guidance and policy direction in connection with its daily
management of each Fund’s assets, subject to the authority of the Board. For its
services, the Adviser is entitled to receive an annual management fee calculated
daily and payable monthly, as a percentage of each Fund’s average daily net
assets, at the rate of 0.68%. During the fiscal year ended December 31,
2025, the TappAlpha S&P 500 Growth & Daily Income ETF paid the Adviser
0.68% in management fees pursuant to the Investment Advisory Agreement.
During
the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, the TappAlpha Innovation 100 Growth
& Daily Income ETF paid the Adviser 0.68% in management fees pursuant to the
Investment Advisory Agreement.
Under
the Investment Advisory Agreement, the Adviser has agreed, at its own expense
and without reimbursement from each Fund, to pay all expenses of the Funds,
except for: the fee paid to the Adviser pursuant to the Investment Advisory
Agreement, interest expenses, taxes, acquired fund fees and expenses, brokerage
commissions and any other portfolio transaction related expenses and fees
arising out of transactions effected on behalf of the Funds, credit facility
fees and expenses, including interest expenses, and litigation and
indemnification expenses and other extraordinary expenses not incurred in the
ordinary course of the Fund’s business.
The
Sub-Adviser.
The Adviser has retained Tuttle Capital Management, LLC (the “Sub- Adviser”), an
investment adviser registered with the SEC, to provide sub-advisory services for
the Fund. The Sub-Adviser is organized as a Delaware limited liability company
with its principal offices located at 155 Lockwood Rd., Riverside, CT, 06878,
and was established in 2012. For its services, the Sub-Adviser is paid a
sub-advisory fee by the Adviser, which is calculated daily and payable monthly
as a percentage of each Fund’s average daily net assets, subject to a minimum
annual fee of $18,000 per Fund. The Sub-Advisory fee for each Fund is as
follows:
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| Fund |
Sub-Advisory
Fee |
|
TappAlpha
S&P 500 Growth & Daily Income ETF |
0.06% |
|
TappAlpha
Innovation 100 Growth & Daily Income ETF |
0.04% |
A
discussion regarding the basis for the Board approving the Investment Advisory
Agreement and Sub-Advisory Agreement for the Funds is available in the Funds'
report filed on Form N-CSR for the period ended December 31, 2025.
The
Portfolio Manager
Si
Katara, Portfolio Manager of the Adviser, has served as each Fund’s portfolio
manager since its inception. Mr. Katara is the founder and CEO of Tapp Finance,
Inc. (d/b/a Tapp Alpha), and the portfolio manager of the Funds since their
inception. Mr. Katara was the co-founder and President of HeadLight, a provider
of visual-based inspection technology to infrastructure construction from 2005
to 2022.
The
SAI provides additional information about the portfolio manager’s compensation,
other accounts managed by the portfolio manager, and the portfolio manager’s
ownership in the Funds.
The
Trust
Each
Fund is a non-diversified series of the ETF Opportunities Trust, an open-end
management investment company organized as a Delaware statutory trust on March
18, 2019. The Board supervises the operations of the Funds according
to
applicable state and federal law, and the Board is responsible for the overall
management of the Funds’ business affairs.
Portfolio
Holdings
A
description of the Funds’ policies and procedures with respect to the disclosure
of the Funds’ portfolio securities is available in the Funds’ SAI. Complete
holdings are published on the Funds’ website on a daily basis. Please visit the
Funds’ website at www.tappalphafunds.com. In addition, each Fund’s complete
holdings (as of the dates of such reports) are available in reports on Form
N-PORT and Form N-CSR filed with the SEC.
HOW
TO BUY AND SELL SHARES
Most
investors will buy and sell shares of the Funds through broker-dealers at market
prices. Shares of the Funds are listed for trading on the Exchange and on the
secondary market during the trading day and can be bought and sold throughout
the trading day like other shares of publicly traded securities. Shares of the
TappAlpha S&P 500 Growth & Daily Income ETF trade under the trading
symbol “TSPY“. Shares of the TappAlpha Innovation 100 Growth & Daily Income
ETF trade under the trading symbol “TDAQ“. Shares may only be purchased and sold
on the secondary market when the Exchange is open for trading.
When
buying or selling shares through a broker, you will incur customary brokerage
commissions and charges, and you may pay some or all of the spread between the
bid and the offered price in the secondary market on each leg of a round trip
(purchase and sale) transaction.
The
NAV of each Fund’s shares is calculated at the close of regular trading on the
Exchange, generally 4:00 p.m. New York time, on each day the Exchange is open.
The NAV of each Fund’s Shares is determined by dividing the total value of a
Fund’s portfolio investments and other assets, less any liabilities, by the
total number of Shares outstanding of the Fund.
In
calculating its NAV, a Fund generally values its assets on the basis of market
quotations, last sale prices, or estimates of value furnished by a pricing
service or brokers who make markets in such instruments.
Fair
value pricing is used by a Fund when market quotations are not readily available
or are deemed to be unreliable or inaccurate based on factors such as evidence
of a thin market in the security or a significant event occurring after the
close of the market but before the time as of which a Fund’s NAV is calculated.
When fair-value pricing is employed, the prices of securities used by a Fund to
calculate its NAV may differ from quoted or published prices for the same
securities.
APs
may acquire shares directly from each Fund, and APs may tender their shares for
redemption directly to the Fund, at NAV per share only in large blocks, or
Creation Units, of at least 10,000 shares. Purchases and redemptions directly
with the Funds must follow each Fund’s procedures, which are described in the
SAI.
Under
normal circumstances, each Fund will pay out redemption proceeds to a redeeming
AP within two (2) days after the AP’s redemption request is received, in
accordance with the process set forth in the Funds’ SAI and in the agreement
between the AP and the Funds’ distributor. However, the Funds reserve the right,
including under stressed market conditions, to take up to seven (7) days after
the receipt of a redemption request to pay an AP, all as permitted by the 1940
Act. The Funds anticipate regularly meeting redemption requests primarily
through in-kind redemptions. However, the Funds reserve the right to pay all or
portion of the redemption proceeds to an AP in cash. Cash used for redemptions
will be raised from the sale of portfolio assets or may come from existing
holdings of cash or cash equivalents.
Each
Fund may liquidate and terminate at any time without shareholder
approval.
Book
Entry
Shares
are held in book entry form, which means that no stock certificates are issued.
The Depository Trust Company (“DTC”) or its nominee is the record owner of all
outstanding shares and is recognized as the owner of all shares for all
purposes.
Investors
owning shares are beneficial owners as shown on the records of DTC or its
participants. DTC serves as the securities depository for all shares.
Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust
companies, clearing corporations and other institutions that directly or
indirectly maintain a custodial relationship with DTC. As a beneficial owner of
shares, you are not entitled to receive physical delivery of stock certificates
or to have shares registered in your name, and you are not considered a
registered owner of shares. Therefore, to exercise any right as an owner of
shares, you must rely upon the procedures of DTC and its participants. These
procedures are the same as those that apply to any other securities that you
hold in book entry or “street name” form.
FREQUENT
PURCHASES AND REDEMPTIONS OF FUND SHARES
Shares
can only be purchased and redeemed directly from each Fund in Creation Units by
APs, and the vast majority of trading in shares occurs on the secondary market.
Because the secondary market trades do not directly involve a Fund, it is
unlikely those trades would cause the harmful effects of market timing,
including dilution, disruption of portfolio management, increases in the Fund’s
trading costs and the realization of capital gains. With regard to the purchase
or redemption of Creation Units directly with a Fund, to the extent effected
in-kind (i.e.,
for securities), those trades do not cause the harmful effects that may result
from frequent cash trades. To the extent trades are effected in whole or in part
in cash, those trades could result in dilution to the Fund and increased
transaction costs, which could negatively impact a Fund’s ability to achieve its
investment objective. However, direct trading by APs is critical to ensuring
that shares trade at or close to NAV. Each Fund also employs fair valuation
pricing to minimize potential dilution from market timing. In addition, each
Fund imposes transaction fees on purchases and redemptions of shares to cover
the custodial and other costs incurred by the Fund in effecting trades. These
fees increase if an investor substitutes cash in part or in whole for
securities, reflecting the fact that a Fund’s trading costs increase in those
circumstances. Given this structure, the Trust has determined that it is not
necessary to adopt policies and procedures to detect and deter market timing of
the shares.
DIVIDENDS,
OTHER DISTRIBUTIONS AND TAXES
Shares
are traded throughout the day in the secondary market on a national securities
exchange on an intra-day basis and are created and redeemed in-kind and/or for
cash in Creation Units at each day’s next calculated NAV. In-kind arrangements
are designed to protect ongoing shareholders from the adverse effects on a
Fund’s portfolio that could arise from frequent cash redemption transactions.
The Funds expect to typically satisfy redemptions in-kind. However, if a Fund
satisfies a redemption in cash, this may result in the Fund selling portfolio
securities to obtain cash to meet net fund redemptions which can have an adverse
tax impact on taxable shareholders. These sales may generate taxable gains for
the ongoing shareholders of a Fund, whereas the Funds’ in-kind redemption
mechanism generally will not lead to a tax event for the Fund or its ongoing
shareholders.
Ordinarily,
dividends from net investment income, if any, are declared and paid at least
monthly by each Fund. The Funds will distribute its net realized capital gains,
if any, to shareholders at least annually. The Funds may also pay a special
distribution at the end of a calendar year to comply with U.S. federal income
tax requirements.
No
dividend reinvestment service is provided by the Funds. Broker-dealers may make
available the DTC book-entry Dividend Reinvestment Service for use by beneficial
owners of a Fund for reinvestment of their dividend distributions. Beneficial
owners should contact their broker to determine the availability and costs of
the service and the details of participation therein. Brokers may require
beneficial owners to adhere to specific procedures and timetables. If this
service is available and used, dividend distributions of both income and
realized gains will be automatically reinvested in additional whole shares of
the Fund purchased in the secondary market.
Distributions
in cash may be reinvested automatically in additional whole shares only if the
broker through whom you purchased shares makes such option
available.
Taxes
As
with any investment, you should consider how your investment in shares will be
taxed. The tax information in this Prospectus is provided as general
information. You should consult your own tax professional about the tax
consequences of an investment in shares.
Unless
your investment in shares is made through a tax-exempt entity or tax-deferred
retirement account, such as an individual retirement account, you need to be
aware of the possible tax consequences when:
-A
Fund makes distributions,
-You
sell your shares listed on the Exchange, and
-You
purchase or redeem Creation Units.
Taxes
on Distributions
Distributions
from a Fund’s net investment income, including net short-term capital gains, if
any, are taxable to you as ordinary income, except that a Fund’s dividends
attributable to its “qualified dividend income” (e.g.,
dividends received on stock of most U.S. and certain foreign corporations with
respect to which a Fund satisfies certain holding period and other
requirements), if any, generally are subject to U.S. federal income tax at the
rate for net capital gain for non-corporate U.S. shareholders who satisfy those
requirements with respect to their shares. A part of a Fund’s dividends also may
be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to U.S. corporations
subject to similar requirements. However, dividends a corporate U.S. shareholder
deducts pursuant to that deduction are subject indirectly to the U.S. federal
alternative minimum tax.
A
higher portfolio turnover rate may indicate higher transaction costs and may
result in higher taxes when Fund shares are held in a taxable account. These
costs, which are not reflected in annual Fund operating expenses affect a Fund’s
performance.
In
general, distributions received from a Fund are subject to U.S. federal income
tax when they are paid, whether taken in cash or reinvested in the Fund (if that
option is available). Distributions reinvested in additional shares through the
means of a dividend reinvestment service, if available, will be taxable to
shareholders acquiring the additional shares to the same extent as if such
distributions had been received in cash. Distributions of net long-term capital
gains, if any, in excess of net short-term capital losses are taxable as
long-term capital gains, regardless of how long you have held the
shares.
Distributions
in excess of a Fund’s current and accumulated earnings and profits are treated
as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of your basis in the shares and as
capital gain thereafter. A distribution will reduce a Fund’s NAV per share and
may be taxable to you as ordinary income or capital gain even though, from an
investment standpoint, the distribution may constitute a return of
capital.
The
Funds are required to backup withhold twenty-four percent (24%) of your
distributions and redemption proceeds if you have not provided the Fund with a
correct Social Security number or other taxpayer identification number and in
certain other situations.
Taxes
on Exchange-Listed Share Sales
Any
capital gain or loss realized upon a sale of shares is generally treated as
long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more than one
year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for one
year or less. The ability to deduct capital losses from sales of shares may be
limited.
Taxes
on Purchase and Redemption of Creation Units
An
Authorized Participant who exchanges securities for Creation Units generally
will recognize a taxable gain or a loss equal to the difference between the
market value of the Creation Units at the time of the exchange and the sum of
the exchanger’s aggregate tax basis in the securities surrendered plus any cash
it pays. An Authorized Participant who exchanges Creation Units for securities
will generally recognize a taxable gain or loss equal to the difference between
the exchanger’s tax basis in the Creation Units and the sum of the aggregate
market value of the securities received plus any cash. The Internal Revenue
Service (“Service”), however, may assert that a loss realized upon an exchange
of securities for Creation Units cannot be deducted currently under the rules
governing “wash sales” or for other reasons.
Persons
exchanging securities should consult their own tax advisor with respect to
whether the wash sale rules apply and when a loss might not be
deductible.
Any
capital gain or loss realized upon redemption of Creation Units is generally
treated as long-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been held for more
than one year and as short-term capital gain or loss if the shares have been
held for one year or less.
If
you purchase or redeem Creation Units, you will be sent a confirmation statement
showing how many shares you purchased or sold and at what price. See “Taxes” in
the SAI for a description of the tax basis determination methods applicable to
share redemptions and the Fund’s obligation to report tax basis information to
the Service.
The
foregoing discussion summarizes some of the possible consequences under current
U.S. federal income tax law of an investment in a Fund. It is not a substitute
for personal tax advice. Consult your own personal tax advisor about the
potential tax consequences of an investment in the shares under all applicable
tax laws. See “Taxes” in the SAI for more information.
FUND
SERVICE PROVIDERS
Commonwealth
Fund Services, Inc.
(the “Administrator”) is the Funds’ administrator. The firm is primarily in the
business of providing administrative services to retail and institutional mutual
funds and exchange-traded funds.
U.S.
Bancorp Fund Services, LLC (“U.S.
Bancorp”) serves as the Funds’ fund accountant and transfer agent, and it
provides certain other services to the Funds not provided by the Administrator.
U.S. Bancorp is primarily in the business of providing administrative, fund
accounting services to retail and institutional exchange-traded funds and mutual
funds.
As
transfer agent, U.S. Bancorp, has, among other things, agreed to: issue and
redeem shares of the Fund; make dividend and other distributions to shareholders
of the Fund; effect transfers of shares; mail communications to shareholders of
the Fund, including account statements, confirmations, and dividend and
distribution notices; facilitate the electronic delivery of shareholder
statements and reports; and maintain shareholder accounts.
U.S.
Bank N.A. acts
as custodian for the Fund. As such, U.S. Bank N.A. holds all securities and cash
of the Fund, delivers and receives payment for securities sold, receives and
pays for securities purchased, collects income from investments, and performs
other duties, all as directed by officers of the Trust. U.S. Bank N.A. does not
exercise any supervisory function over management of the Fund, the purchase and
sale of securities, or the payment of distributions to
shareholders.
Foreside
Fund Services, LLC
(the “Distributor”) serves as the Distributor of Creation Units for the Funds on
an agency basis. The Distributor does not maintain a secondary market in
shares.
Practus,
LLP
serves as legal counsel to the Trust and the Funds.
Cohen
& Company, Ltd.,
serves as the Funds’ independent registered public accounting firm. The
independent registered public accounting firm is responsible for auditing the
annual financial statements of the Fund.
OTHER
INFORMATION
Continuous
Offering
The
method by which Creation Units of shares are created and traded may raise
certain issues under applicable securities laws. Because new Creation Units of
shares are issued and sold by a Fund on an ongoing basis, a “distribution,” as
such term is used in the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities
Act”), may occur at any point. Broker-dealers and other persons are cautioned
that some activities on their part may, depending on the circumstances, result
in their being deemed participants in a distribution in a manner which could
render them statutory underwriters and subject them to the prospectus delivery
requirement and liability provisions of the Securities Act.
For
example, a broker-dealer firm or its client may be deemed a statutory
underwriter if it takes Creation Units after placing an order with the
Distributor, breaks them down into constituent shares and sells the shares
directly to customers or if it chooses to couple the creation of a supply of new
shares with an active selling effort involving solicitation of secondary market
demand for shares. A determination of whether one is an underwriter for purposes
of the Securities Act must take into account all the facts and circumstances
pertaining to the activities of the broker-dealer or its client in the
particular case, and the examples mentioned above should not be considered a
complete description of all the activities that could lead to a characterization
as an underwriter.
Broker-dealer
firms should also note that dealers who are not “underwriters” but are effecting
transactions in shares, whether or not participating in the distribution of
shares, are generally required to deliver a prospectus. This is because the
prospectus delivery exemption in Section 4(3) of the Securities Act is not
available in respect of such transactions as a result of Section 24(d) of the
1940 Act. As a result, broker-dealer firms should note that dealers who are not
“underwriters” but are participating in a distribution (as contrasted with
engaging in ordinary secondary market transactions) and thus dealing with the
shares that are part of an overallotment within the meaning of Section 4(3)(C)
of the Securities Act, will be unable to take advantage of the prospectus
delivery exemption provided by Section 4(3) of the Securities Act. For delivery
of prospectuses to exchange members, the prospectus delivery mechanism of Rule
153 under the Securities Act is only available with respect to transactions on a
national exchange.
Dealers
effecting transactions in the shares, whether or not participating in this
distribution, are generally required to deliver a Prospectus. This is in
addition to any obligation of dealers to deliver a Prospectus when acting as
underwriters.
Premium/Discount
Information
When
available, information regarding how often the shares of the Funds traded on the
Exchange at a price above (i.e., at
a premium) or below (i.e., at
a discount) the NAV of each Fund will be available at
www.tappalphafunds.com.
FINANCIAL
HIGHLIGHTS
The
following tables are intended to help you better understand the financial
performance of the Funds since their inception. Certain information reflects
financial results for a single Fund share. The total returns in the tables
represents the rate you would have earned (or lost) on an investment in each
Fund, assuming reinvestment of all dividends and distributions. The information
has been audited by Cohen & Company, Ltd., the independent registered public
accounting firm of the Funds, whose report, along with the Funds' financial
statements, is included in each Fund’s filing on Form N-CSR. The financial
statements are available from the Funds upon request without
charge.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| TappAlpha
S&P 500 Growth & Daily Income ETF (formerly known as TappAlpha SPY
Growth & Daily Income ETF) |
| Selected
Per Share Data Throughout Each Period |
|
|
Period
Ended December 31, 2025 |
Period
Ended December 31, 2024* |
| Net
asset value, beginning of period |
$ |
25.05 |
| $ |
24.00 |
|
| Investment
activities |
| |
|
Net
investment income (loss) (1) |
0.19 |
| 0.16 |
|
| Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments, options purchased and
options written |
3.72 |
| 1.76 |
|
| Total
from investment activities |
3.91 |
| 1.92 |
|
| Distributions |
| |
| Net
investment income |
(0.61) |
| (0.15) |
|
| Return
of capital |
(2.88) |
| (0.72) |
|
| Total
distributions |
(3.49) |
| (0.87) |
|
| Net
asset value, end of period |
$ |
25.47 |
| $ |
25.05 |
|
|
|
| |
|
Total
Return(2) |
17.27 |
% |
7.95 |
% |
|
|
| |
| Ratios/Supplemental
Data |
| |
|
Ratios
to average net assets(3) |
| |
| Expenses,
gross |
0.70%(4) |
0.68 |
% |
|
Net
Investment Income (loss) |
0.78 |
% |
1.66 |
% |
|
Portfolio
turnover rate(2)(5) |
0.00 |
% |
0.00 |
% |
| Net
assets, end of period (000’s) |
$ |
171,643 |
| $ |
13,777 |
|
(1)
Per
share amounts calculated using the average shares outstanding during the
period.
(2)
Total
return and portfolio turnover rate are for the period indicated and have not
been annualized.
(3)
Ratios
to average net assets have been annualized.
(4)
Gross
expenses, excluding interest expense, would have been 0.68% for the year ended
December 31, 2025.
(5)
Portfolio
Turnover rate is zero due to the Fund not purchasing any long-term securities
during the period and excludes the effect of securities received or delivered
from processing in-kind creations or redemptions.
*
The
Fund commenced operations on August 15, 2024.
|
|
|
|
|
| |
| TappAlpha
Innovation 100 Growth & Daily Income ETF |
| Selected
Per Share Data Throughout Each Period |
|
|
Period
Ended December 31, 2025* |
| Net
asset value, beginning of period |
$ |
24.76 |
|
| Investment
activities |
|
|
Net
investment income (loss) (1) |
0.02 |
|
| Net
realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investments and options
written |
2.39 |
|
| Total
from investment activities |
2.41 |
|
| Distributions |
|
| Net
investment income |
(0.50) |
|
| Return
of capital |
(0.63) |
|
| Total
distributions |
(1.13) |
|
| Net
asset value, end of period |
$ |
26.04 |
|
|
| |
|
Total
Return(2) |
9.83 |
% |
|
| |
| Ratios/Supplemental
Data |
|
|
Ratios
to average net assets(3) |
|
| Expenses,
gross |
0.68 |
% |
|
Net
Investment Income (loss) |
0.28 |
% |
|
Portfolio
turnover rate(4) |
1.59 |
% |
| Net
assets, end of period (000’s) |
$ |
68,234 |
|
(1)
Per
share amounts calculated using the average shares outstanding during the
period.
(2)
Total
return is for the period indicated and have not been annualized.
(3)
Ratios
to average net assets have been annualized.
(4)
Portfolio
Turnover rate is for the period indicated, excludes the effect of securities
received or delivered from processing in-kind creations or redemptions, and has
not been annualized.
*
The
Fund commenced operations on September 4, 2025.
FOR
MORE INFORMATION
You
will find more information about the Funds in the following
documents:
Statement
of Additional Information:
For
more information about the Funds, you may wish to refer to the Funds’ SAI dated
May 1, 2026, which is on file with the SEC and incorporated by reference into
this prospectus.
Annual/Semi-Annual
Reports: Additional
information about the Funds’ investments are available in the Funds’ annual and
semi-annual reports to shareholders and in Form N-CSR. In the Funds’ annual
report, you will find a discussion of the market conditions and investment
strategies that significantly affected the Funds’ performance during its last
fiscal year. In Form N-CSR, you will find the Funds’ annual and
semi-annual financial statements.
You
can obtain a free copy of the SAI, annual and semi-annual reports, and other
information, such as the Funds’ financial statements, by writing to TappAlpha
Innovation 100 Growth & Daily Income ETF or TappAlpha S&P 500 Growth
& Daily Income ETF, 8730 Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205, Richmond, Virginia
23235, by calling the Fund toll-free at (844)
403-2888,
by email at: [email protected]. The Funds’ annual and semi-annual reports,
prospectus and SAI and other information such as Fund financial statements are
all available for viewing/downloading at www.tappalphafunds.com. General
inquiries regarding the Funds may also be directed to the above address or
telephone number.
Copies
of these documents and other information about the Funds are available on the
EDGAR Database on the Commission’s Internet site at http://www.sec.gov,
and copies of these documents may also be obtained, after paying a duplication
fee, by electronic request at the following email address: [email protected].
(Investment
Company Act File No. 811-23439)
TAPPALPHA
S&P 500 GROWTH & DAILY INCOME ETF
Ticker:
TSPY
Listed
on NASDAQ Stock Market®
TAPPALPHA
INNOVATION 100 GROWTH & DAILY INCOME ETF
Ticker:
TDAQ
Listed
on Cboe BZX Exchange, Inc.
Series
of the ETF Opportunities Trust
(each,
a “Fund” and collectively, the “Funds”)
8730
Stony Point Parkway, Suite 205
Richmond,
Virginia 23235
844-403-2888