Securities
lending. The fund may lend
securities (up to one-third of total
assets) to approved institutions, such as registered
broker-dealers, pooled investment vehicles, banks and other
financial institutions. In connection with such loans, the fund
receives liquid collateral in an amount that is based on the
type and value of the securities being lent, with riskier
securities generally requiring higher levels of
collateral.
As with any
investment, you could lose all or part of your investment in the
fund, and the fund’s performance could trail that of other
investments. The fund is subject to the main risks noted
below, any of which may adversely affect the fund’s net asset
value (“NAV”), trading price,
yield, total return and
ability to meet its investment objective, as well as other risks
that are described in greater detail in the section of this
Prospectus entitled “Additional
Information About Fund
Strategies, Underlying Index Information and
Risks” and in the
Statement of Additional Information (“SAI”). An investment in the
fund is not a deposit of a bank and is not
insured or guaranteed by the Federal Deposit Insurance
Corporation or any other governmental agency.
Stock
market risk. When stock prices
fall, you should expect the value of
your investment to fall as well. Stock prices can be hurt
by poor management on the part of the stock’s issuer,
shrinking product demand and other business risks. These may
affect single companies as well as groups of companies.
The market as a whole may not favor the types of
investments the fund makes, which could adversely affect a
stock’s price, regardless of how well the company performs, or
the fund’s ability to sell a stock at an attractive price.
There is a chance that stock prices overall will decline
because stock markets tend to move in cycles, with periods
of rising and falling prices. Events in the US and global
financial markets, including actions taken by the US
Federal Reserve or foreign central banks to stimulate or
stabilize economic growth, may at times result in unusually
high market volatility which could negatively affect performance.
High market volatility may also result from
significant shifts in momentum of one or more specific stocks due
to unusual increases or decreases in trading activity.
Momentum can change quickly, and securities subject to shifts
in momentum may be more volatile than the market as a
whole and returns on such securities may drop
precipitously. To the extent that the fund invests in a particular
geographic region, capitalization or sector, the fund’s
performance may be affected by the general performance of that
region, capitalization or sector.
Market
disruption risk. Economies and
financial markets throughout the world
have become increasingly interconnected, which has increased
the likelihood that events or conditions in one
country or region will adversely impact markets or issuers
in other countries or regions. This
includes reliance on
global supply chains that are susceptible to disruptions
resulting from, among other things, war and other armed
conflicts, tariffs, extreme weather events, and natural
disasters. Such supply chain disruptions can lead to, and
have led to, economic and market disruptions that
have far-reaching effects on financial markets worldwide.
The value of the fund’s investments may be negatively
affected by adverse changes in overall economic or market
conditions, such as the level of economic activity
and productivity, unemployment and labor force
participation rates, inflation or deflation (and expectations for
inflation or deflation), interest rates, demand and supply
for particular products or resources including labor,
debt levels and credit ratings, and trade policies, among
other factors. Such adverse conditions may contribute to an
overall economic contraction across entire economies or
markets, which may negatively impact the profitability of
issuers operating in those economies or markets. In
addition, geopolitical and other globally interconnected occurrences,
including war, terrorism, economic uncertainty
or financial crises, contagion, tariffs and trade disputes,
government debt crises (including defaults or
downgrades) or uncertainty about government debt payments,
government shutdowns, public health crises, natural
disasters, supply chain disruptions, climate change and related
events or conditions, have led, and in the future may
lead, to disruptions in the US and world economies and
markets, which may increase financial market volatility
and have significant adverse direct or indirect effects on the fund
and its investments. Adverse market conditions or
disruptions could cause the fund to lose money,
experience significant redemptions, and encounter
operational difficulties. Although multiple asset classes may be
affected by adverse market conditions or a particular market
disruption, the duration and effects may not be the same for
all types of assets.
Current military and
other armed conflicts in various geographic regions,
including those in Europe and the Middle East, can
lead to, and have led to, economic and market disruptions,
which may not be limited to the geographic region in
which the conflict is occurring. Such conflicts can also
result, and have resulted in some cases, in sanctions being
levied by the United States, the European Union and/or other
countries against countries or other actors
involved in the conflict. In addition, such conflicts and
related sanctions can adversely affect regional and global
energy, commodities, financial and other markets and
thus could affect the value of the fund's investments. The
extent and duration of any military conflict, related
sanctions and resulting economic and market disruptions
are impossible to predict, but could be substantial.
Other market
disruption events include pandemic spread of viruses, such as
the novel coronavirus known as COVID-19, which have
caused significant uncertainty, market volatility,
decreased economic and other activity, increased government
activity, including economic